Contents: November 2006, Volume 50, Issue 11        Minireviews        Clinical Therapeutics        Experimental Therapeutics        Pharmacology        Mechanisms of Resistance        Susceptibility        Mechanisms of Action        Antiviral Agents        Letters        Errata Other Issues

Table of Contents

[Index by Author]

To see an article, click its [Full Text], [Abstract] or [PDF] link. To review many abstracts, check the boxes to the left of the titles you want, and click the 'Get All Checked Abstract(s)' button. To see one abstract at a time, click its [Abstract] link.

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Minireviews:

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Impact of Melanin on Microbial Virulence and Clinical Resistance to Antimicrobial Compounds Joshua D. Nosanchuk and Arturo Casadevall Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3519-3528; [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Clinical Therapeutics:

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Serum Bactericidal Activities of High-Dose Daptomycin with and without Coadministration of Gentamicin against Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus species C. Andrew DeRyke, Christina Sutherland, Bo Zhang, David P. Nicolau, and Joseph L. Kuti Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3529-3534; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Randomized, Open-Label, Comparative Study of Piperacillin-Tazobactam Administered by Continuous Infusion versus Intermittent Infusion for Treatment of Hospitalized Patients with Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infection William K. Lau, David Mercer, Kamal M. Itani, David P. Nicolau, Joseph L. Kuti, Debra Mansfield, and Adrian Dana Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3556-3561; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00329-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Methodological Issues in the Assessment of Antimalarial Drug Treatment: Analysis of 13 Studies in Eight African Countries from 2001 to 2004 Jean-Paul Guthmann, Loretxu Pinoges, Francesco Checchi, Simon Cousens, Suna Balkan, Michel van Herp, Dominique Legros, and Piero Olliaro Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3734-3739; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.01618-05 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Population Pharmacokinetics of Arbekacin in Patients Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Yusuke Tanigawara, Reiko Sato, Kunihiko Morita, Mitsuo Kaku, Naoki Aikawa, and Kihachiro Shimizu Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3754-3762; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Relationship of Arbekacin for Treatment of Patients Infected with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Reiko Sato, Yusuke Tanigawara, Mitsuo Kaku, Naoki Aikawa, and Kihachiro Shimizu Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3763-3769; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Urinary Bactericidal Activity of Extended-Release Ciprofloxacin (1,000 Milligrams) versus Levofloxacin (500 Milligrams) in Healthy Volunteers Receiving a Single Oral Dose Florian M. E. Wagenlehner, Martina Kinzig-Schippers, Uwe Tischmeyer, Christine Wagenlehner, Fritz Sörgel, and Kurt G. Naber Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3947-3949; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00477-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Experimental Therapeutics:

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Pharmacokinetic Considerations and Efficacy of Levofloxacin in an Inhalational Anthrax (Postexposure) Rhesus Monkey Model L. Mark Kao, Karen Bush, Roy Barnewall, James Estep, Frederic W. Thalacker, Pamela H. Olson, George L. Drusano, Neil Minton, Shuchean Chien, Alex Hemeryck, and Michael F. Kelley Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3535-3542; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Combinations of R207910 with Drugs Used To Treat Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Have the Potential To Shorten Treatment Duration Nacer Lounis, Nicolas Veziris, Aurélie Chauffour, Chantal Truffot-Pernot, Koen Andries, and Vincent Jarlier Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3543-3547; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00766-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Efficacy of Novel Rifamycin Derivatives against Rifamycin-Sensitive and -Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Murine Models of Infection David M. Rothstein, Ronald S. Farquhar, Klari Sirokman, Karen L. Sondergaard, Charles Hazlett, Angelia A. Doye, Judith K. Gwathmey, Steve Mullin, John van Duzer, and Christopher K. Murphy Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3658-3664; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.01087-05 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Derivation of an In Vivo Drug Exposure Breakpoint for Flucytosine against Candida albicans and Impact of the MIC, Growth Rate, and Resistance Genotype on the Antifungal Effect William W. Hope, Peter A. Warn, Andrew Sharp, Susan Howard, Miki Kasai, Arnold Louie, Thomas J. Walsh, George L. Drusano, and David W. Denning Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3680-3688; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00369-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Anidulafungin Pharmacokinetics and Microbial Response in Neutropenic Mice with Disseminated Candidiasis Tawanda Gumbo, George L. Drusano, Weiguo Liu, Lei Ma, Mark R. Deziel, Michael F. Drusano, and Arnold Louie Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3695-3700; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00507-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Integration of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Indices of Marbofloxacin in Turkeys Aneliya Milanova Haritova, Nikolina Velizarova Rusenova, Parvan Rusenov Parvanov, Lubomir Dimitrov Lashev, and Johanna Fink-Gremmels Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3779-3785; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00711-05 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Hyaluronic Acid Binding Peptides Prevent Experimental Staphylococcal Wound Infection Kathleen J. Zaleski, Tadeusz Kolodka, Colette Cywes-Bentley, Rachel M. McLoughlin, Mary L. Delaney, Bernard T. Charlton, Wendy Johnson, and Arthur O. Tzianabos Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3856-3860; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Use of the Surgical Wound Infection Model To Determine the Efficacious Dosing Regimen of Retapamulin, a Novel Topical Antibiotic Stephen Rittenhouse, Christine Singley, Jennifer Hoover, Roni Page, and David Payne Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3886-3888; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Suppression of Gastric Acid Production by Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment Facilitates Colonization of the Large Intestine by Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus spp. and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Clindamycin-Treated Mice Usha Stiefel, Agam Rao, Michael J. Pultz, Robin L. P. Jump, David C. Aron, and Curtis J. Donskey Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3905-3907; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00522-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Calcineurin Promotes Infection of the Cornea by Candida albicans and Can Be Targeted To Enhance Fluconazole Therapy Chiatogu Onyewu, Natalie A. Afshari, and Joseph Heitman Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3963-3965; published ahead of print August 21, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00393-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Pharmacology:

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Population Analysis of Weight-, Age-, and Sex-Related Differences in the Pharmacokinetics of Lopinavir in Children from Birth to 18 Years Vincent Jullien, Saïk Urien, Déborah Hirt, Constance Delaugerre, Elisabeth Rey, Jean-Paul Teglas, Paula Vaz, Christine Rouzioux, Marie-Laure Chaix, Eugenia Macassa, Ghislaine Firtion, Gérard Pons, Stéphane Blanche, and Jean-Marc Tréluyer Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3548-3555; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00943-05 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Population Pharmacokinetics of Tigecycline in Patients with Complicated Intra-Abdominal or Skin and Skin Structure Infections S. A. Van Wart, J. S. Owen, E. A. Ludwig, A. K. Meagher, J. M. Korth-Bradley, and B. B. Cirincione Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3701-3707; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.01636-05 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Population Pharmacokinetics of Atazanavir in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Sara Colombo, Thierry Buclin, Matthias Cavassini, Laurent A. Décosterd, Amalio Telenti, Jérôme Biollaz, and Chantal Csajka Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3801-3808; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00098-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Pharmacodynamics of Anidulafungin and Caspofungin against Candida glabrata Isolates, Including Strains with Decreased Caspofungin Susceptibility Jason Cota, Michael Carden, John R. Graybill, Laura K. Najvar, David S. Burgess, and Nathan P. Wiederhold Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3926-3928; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00538-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Impact of Sample Size on the Performance of Multiple-Model Pharmacokinetic Simulations Vincent H. Tam, Samer Kabbara, Rosa F. Yeh, and Robert H. Leary Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3950-3952; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00337-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Mechanisms of Resistance:

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Genes Involved in Intrinsic Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baylyi Maria J. Gomez and Alexander A. Neyfakh Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3562-3567; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00579-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Multiple Genetic Elements Carry the Tetracycline Resistance Gene tet(W) in the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes Stephen J. Billington and B. Helen Jost Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3580-3587; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00562-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Adaptive Resistance and Differential Protein Expression of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis Biofilms Exposed to Benzalkonium Chloride Anil K. Mangalappalli-Illathu and Darren R. Korber Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3588-3596; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00573-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Acquired Gentamicin Resistance by Permeability Impairment in Enterococcus faecalis Elisabeth Aslangul, Laurent Massias, Alain Meulemans, Françoise Chau, Antoine Andremont, Patrice Courvalin, Bruno Fantin, and Raymond Ruimy Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3615-3621; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Amino Acid Substitutions in Mosaic Penicillin-Binding Protein 2 Associated with Reduced Susceptibility to Cefixime in Clinical Isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Sho Takahata, Nami Senju, Yumi Osaki, Takuji Yoshida, and Takashi Ida Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3638-3645; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00626-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

DNA Methylase Activity as a Marker for the Presence of a Family of Phage-Like Elements Conferring Efflux-Mediated Macrolide Resistance in Streptococci T. A. Figueiredo, S. I. Aguiar, J. Melo-Cristino, and M. Ramirez Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3689-3694; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00782-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

A Small Subpopulation of Blastospores in Candida albicans Biofilms Exhibit Resistance to Amphotericin B Associated with Differential Regulation of Ergosterol and ß-1,6-Glucan Pathway Genes Prasanna D. Khot, Peter A. Suci, R. Lance Miller, Raoul D. Nelson, and Bonnie J. Tyler Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3708-3716; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00997-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Analysis of the Topology of Vibrio cholerae NorM and Identification of Amino Acid Residues Involved in Norfloxacin Resistance Anil Kumar Singh, Rajen Haldar, Debabrata Mandal, and Manikuntala Kundu Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3717-3723; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00460-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental material] [Reprints and Permissions]

23S rRNA 2058AG Alteration Mediates Ketolide Resistance in Combination with Deletion in L22 Rita Berisio, Natascia Corti, Peter Pfister, Ada Yonath, and Erik C. Böttger Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3816-3823; published ahead of print August 21, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00767-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Candida albicans Biofilms Produce Antifungal-Tolerant Persister Cells Michael D. LaFleur, Carol A. Kumamoto, and Kim Lewis Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3839-3846; published ahead of print August 21, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00684-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Complete Nucleotide Sequence of pK245, a 98-Kilobase Plasmid Conferring Quinolone Resistance and Extended-Spectrum-ß-Lactamase Activity in a Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate Ying-Tsong Chen, Hung-Yu Shu, Ling-Hui Li, Tsai-Lien Liao, Keh-Ming Wu, Yih-Ru Shiau, Jing-Jou Yan, Ih-Jen Su, Shih-Feng Tsai, and Tsai-Ling Lauderdale Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3861-3866; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00456-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Synergy between Efflux Pump CmeABC and Modifications in Ribosomal Proteins L4 and L22 in Conferring Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Cédric Cagliero, Christian Mouline, Axel Cloeckaert, and Sophie Payot Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3893-3896; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00616-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Telithromycin-Nonsusceptible Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Europe Adnan Al-Lahham, Peter C. Appelbaum, Mark van der Linden, and Ralf René Reinert Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3897-3900; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Molecular Basis for Enhanced Activity of Posaconazole against Absidia corymbifera and Rhizopus oryzae Andrew S. Chau, Guodong Chen, Paul M. McNicholas, and Paul A. Mann Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3917-3919; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00747-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Novel Streptomycin Resistance Gene from Mycobacterium fortuitum Santiago Ramón-García, Isabel Otal, Carlos Martín, Rafael Gómez-Lus, and José A. Aínsa Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3920-3922; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00223-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Complete DNA Sequence, Comparative Genomics, and Prevalence of an IncHI2 Plasmid Occurring among Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates Timothy J. Johnson, Yvonne M. Wannemeuhler, Jennifer A. Scaccianoce, Sara J. Johnson, and Lisa K. Nolan Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3929-3933; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00569-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental material] [Reprints and Permissions]

Prevalence of Mutations Associated with Higher Levels of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Car Nicobar Island and Assam, India Anwar Ahmed, Vanshika Lumb, Manoj K. Das, Vas Dev, Wajihullah, and Yagya D. Sharma Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3934-3938; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00732-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Duration of Outpatient Fecal Colonization Due to Escherichia coli Isolates with Decreased Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones: Longitudinal Study of Patients Recently Discharged from the Hospital Ebbing Lautenbach, Pam Tolomeo, Xiangqun Mao, Neil O. Fishman, Joshua P. Metlay, Warren B. Bilker, and Irving Nachamkin Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3939-3943; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00503-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Variant Salmonella Genomic Island 1-L Antibiotic Resistance Gene Cluster in Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport Axel Cloeckaert, Karine Praud, Benoît Doublet, Marie Demartin, and François-Xavier Weill Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3944-3946; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00697-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Prevalence in the United States of aac(6')-Ib-cr Encoding a Ciprofloxacin-Modifying Enzyme Chi Hye Park, Ari Robicsek, George A. Jacoby, Daniel Sahm, and David C. Hooper Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3953-3955; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00915-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Susceptibility:

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The Anti-Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Quinolone WCK 771 Has Potent Activity against Sequentially Selected Mutants, Has a Narrow Mutant Selection Window against Quinolone-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and Preferentially Targets DNA Gyrase Sachin S. Bhagwat, Lakshmi A. Mundkur, Shrikant V. Gupte, Mahesh V. Patel, and Habil F. Khorakiwala Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3568-3579; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00641-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental material] [Reprints and Permissions]

Evaluation of the Activities of Pyrimethamine Analogs against Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Dihydrofolate Reductase-Thymidylate Synthase Using In Vitro Enzyme Inhibition and Bacterial Complementation Assays Sasinee Bunyarataphan, Ubolsree Leartsakulpanich, Supannee Taweechai, Bongkoch Tarnchompoo, Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan, and Yongyuth Yuthavong Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3631-3637; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00448-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Macrolide and Azithromycin Use Are Linked to Increased Macrolide Resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae Miika Bergman, Solja Huikko, Pentti Huovinen, Pirkko Paakkari, Helena Seppälä, and Finnish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance (FiRe Network) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3646-3650; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00234-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Peptide Deformylase Inhibitors as Potent Antimycobacterial Agents Jeanette W. P. Teo, Pamela Thayalan, David Beer, Amelia S. L. Yap, Mahesh Nanjundappa, Xinyi Ngew, Jeyaraj Duraiswamy, Sarah Liung, Veronique Dartois, Mark Schreiber, Samiul Hasan, Michael Cynamon, Neil S. Ryder, Xia Yang, Beat Weidmann, Kathryn Bracken, Thomas Dick, and Kakoli Mukherjee Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3665-3673; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00555-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental material] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Metacestodicidal Activities of Genistein and Other Isoflavones against Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus Arunasalam Naguleswaran, Martin Spicher, Nathalie Vonlaufen, Luis M. Ortega-Mora, Paul Torgerson, Bruno Gottstein, and Andrew Hemphill Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3770-3778; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00578-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Interaction between Miltefosine and Amphotericin B: Consequences for Their Activities towards Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Leishmania donovani Promastigotes In Vitro Cécile Ménez, Marion Buyse, Madeleine Besnard, Robert Farinotti, Philippe M. Loiseau, and Gillian Barratt Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3793-3800; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00837-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by Coadministration of G10KHc and Tobramycin Randal Eckert, Keith M. Brady, E. Peter Greenberg, Fengxia Qi, Daniel K. Yarbrough, Jian He, Ian McHardy, Maxwell H. Anderson, and Wenyuan Shi Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3833-3838; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00509-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Selection of Retapamulin, a Novel Pleuromutilin for Topical Use Stephen Rittenhouse, Sanjoy Biswas, John Broskey, Lynn McCloskey, Terrance Moore, Sandra Vasey, Joshua West, Magdalena Zalacain, Rimma Zonis, and David Payne Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3882-3885; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Killing of Nosocomial Pathogens by Acid and Acidified Nitrite Agam Rao, Robin L. P. Jump, Nicole J. Pultz, Michael J. Pultz, and Curtis J. Donskey Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3901-3904; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Antianaerobic Activity of DX-619, a New Des-Fluoro(6) Quinolone Kaori Tanaka, Hiroshige Mikamo, Ken'ichi Nakao, and Kunitomo Watanabe Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3908-3913; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Effects of Various Media on the Activity of NXL103 (Formerly XRP 2868), a New Oral Streptogramin, against Haemophilus influenzae Glenn A. Pankuch, Dianne Hoellman, André Bryskier, John Lowther, and Peter C. Appelbaum Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3914-3916; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activities of Tritrpticin Alone and in Combination with Other Antimicrobial Agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Oscar Cirioni, Andrea Giacometti, Carmela Silvestri, Agnese Della Vittoria, Alberto Licci, Alessandra Riva, and Giorgio Scalise Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3923-3925; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00652-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activity of Ceftobiprole against Aerobic and Anaerobic Strains Isolated from Diabetic Foot Infections Ellie J. C. Goldstein, Diane M. Citron, C. Vreni Merriam, Yumi A. Warren, Kerin L. Tyrrell, and Helen T. Fernandez Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3959-3962; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00722-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Mechanisms of Action:

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Unexpected Link between Iron and Drug Resistance of Candida spp.: Iron Depletion Enhances Membrane Fluidity and Drug Diffusion, Leading to Drug-Susceptible Cells Tulika Prasad, Aparna Chandra, Chinmay K. Mukhopadhyay, and Rajendra Prasad Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3597-3606; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00653-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Synergism between ß-Lactams and Glycopeptides against VanA-Type Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Heterologous Expression of the vanA Operon Bruno Périchon and Patrice Courvalin Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3622-3630; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00410-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Targeted Killing of Streptococcus mutans by a Pheromone-Guided "Smart" Antimicrobial Peptide Randal Eckert, Jian He, Daniel K. Yarbrough, Fengxia Qi, Maxwell H. Anderson, and Wenyuan Shi Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3651-3657; published ahead of print October 23, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00622-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa Quorum-Sensing Inhibitors Identified in an Ultra-High-Throughput Screen Ute Müh, Martin Schuster, Roger Heim, Ashvani Singh, Eric R. Olson, and E. Peter Greenberg Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3674-3679; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00665-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental material] [Reprints and Permissions]

Search for Cyclodextrin-Based Inhibitors of Anthrax Toxins: Synthesis, Structural Features, and Relative Activities Vladimir A. Karginov, Ekaterina M. Nestorovich, Adiamseged Yohannes, Tanisha M. Robinson, Nour Eddine Fahmi, Frank Schmidtmann, Sidney M. Hecht, and Sergey M. Bezrukov Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3740-3753; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00693-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

A Synthetic Congener Modeled on a Microbicidal Domain of Thrombin- Induced Platelet Microbicidal Protein 1 Recapitulates Staphylocidal Mechanisms of the Native Molecule Yan Q. Xiong, Arnold S. Bayer, Lisa Elazegui, and Michael R. Yeaman Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3786-3792; published ahead of print September 5, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00038-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Studies on the Mode of Action of the Antifungal Hexapeptide PAF26 Alberto Muñoz, Belén López-García, and Jose F. Marcos Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3847-3855; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Biochemical Characterization of the Interactions of the Novel Pleuromutilin Derivative Retapamulin with Bacterial Ribosomes Kang Yan, Lenore Madden, Anthony E. Choudhry, Christine S. Voigt, Robert A. Copeland, and Richard R. Gontarek Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3875-3881; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00184-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Postantibiotic Effect of Ceftobiprole against 12 Gram-Positive Organisms G. A. Pankuch and P. C. Appelbaum Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3956-3958; [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Antiviral Agents:

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Chain-Terminating Dinucleoside Tetraphosphates Are Substrates for DNA Polymerization by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase with Increased Activity against Thymidine Analogue-Resistant Mutants Peter R. Meyer, Anthony J. Smith, Suzanne E. Matsuura, and Walter A. Scott Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3607-3614; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00537-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Inhibition of Multiple Subtypes of Influenza A Virus in Cell Cultures with Morpholino Oligomers Qing Ge, Manoj Pastey, Darwyn Kobasa, Piliapan Puthavathana, Christopher Lupfer, Richard K. Bestwick, Patrick L. Iversen, Jianzhu Chen, and David A. Stein Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3724-3733; published ahead of print September 11, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00644-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Natural Variation Can Significantly Alter the Sensitivity of Influenza A (H5N1) Viruses to Oseltamivir M. A. Rameix-Welti, F. Agou, P. Buchy, S. Mardy, J. T. Aubin, M. Véron, S. van der Werf, and N. Naffakh Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3809-3815; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00645-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Mitochondrial Toxicity of Tenofovir Alone and in Combination with Other Antiretrovirals in Human Renal Proximal Tubule Cells Francesc Vidal, Joan Carles Domingo, Jordi Guallar, Maria Saumoy, Begoña Cordobilla, Rainel Sánchez de la Rosa, Marta Giralt, Maria Luisa Álvarez, Miguel López-Dupla, Ferran Torres, Francesc Villarroya, Tomas Cihlar, and Pere Domingo Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3824-3832; published ahead of print August 28, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00437-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Emergence of a Novel Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus Variant with a Substitution Outside the YMDD Motif Hiromi Yatsuji, Chiemi Noguchi, Nobuhiko Hiraga, Nami Mori, Masataka Tsuge, Michio Imamura, Shoichi Takahashi, Eiji Iwao, Yoshifumi Fujimoto, Hidenori Ochi, Hiromi Abe, Toshiro Maekawa, Chise Tateno, Katsutoshi Yoshizato, Fumitaka Suzuki, Hiromitsu Kumada, and Kazuaki Chayama Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3867-3874; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00239-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Thymidine Kinase Mutations Conferring Acyclovir Resistance in Herpes Simplex Type 1 Recombinant Viruses Yan Sergerie and Guy Boivin Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3889-3892; published ahead of print September 18, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00889-06 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Letters:

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First VanD-Type Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus raffinosus Isolate Koichi Tanimoto, Takahiro Nomura, Hideyuki Maruyama, Haruyoshi Tomita, Naohiro Shibata, Yoshichika Arakawa, and Yasuyoshi Ike Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3966-3967; published ahead of print September 25, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.00607-06 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Deferasirox, an Iron-Chelating Agent, as Salvage Therapy for Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis Caitlin Reed, Ashraf Ibrahim, John E. Edwards, Jr., Irwin Walot, and Brad Spellberg Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3968-3969; published ahead of print September 25, 2006, doi:10.1128/AAC.01065-06 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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Errata:

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Characterization of pncA Mutations in Pyrazinamide-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Brazil Vívian de F. Sumnienski Rodrigues, Maria Alice Telles, Marta Osório Ribeiro, Patrícia Izquierdo Cafrune, Maria Lucia Rosa Rossetti, and Arnaldo Zaha Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. November 2006 50: 3970 [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

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