AAC -- Table of Contents (May 1 2006, 50 [5])

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Contents: May 2006, Volume 50, Issue 5

       Mechanisms of Resistance

       Susceptibility

       Experimental Therapeutics

       Antiviral Agents

       Mechanisms of Action

       Pharmacology

       Clinical Therapeutics

       Biologic Response Modifiers

       Letters

       Recent Approvals

Other Issues

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Mechanisms of Resistance:

Polyamines Induce Resistance to Cationic Peptide, Aminoglycoside, and Quinolone Antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Dong H. Kwon and Chung-Dar Lu
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1615-1622;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Interplay of Efflux System, ampC, and oprD Expression in Carbapenem Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates
John Quale, Simona Bratu, Jyoti Gupta, and David Landman
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1633-1641;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Complex Genetic Structures with Repeated Elements, a sul-Type Class 1 Integron, and the bla_VEB Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase Gene
Thierry Naas, Daniel Aubert, Thierry Lambert, and Patrice Nordmann
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1745-1752;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Stepwise Upregulation of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Chromosomal Cephalosporinase Conferring High-Level ß-Lactam Resistance Involves Three AmpD Homologues
Carlos Juan, Bartolomé Moyá, José L. Pérez, and Antonio Oliver
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1780-1787;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates Resistant to Telithromycin
M. Rantala, M. Haanperä-Heikkinen, M. Lindgren, H. Seppälä, P. Huovinen, J. Jalava, and the Finnish Study Group for Antimicrobial Resistance
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1855-1858;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamases and Plasmid-Mediated AmpC Enzymes among Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Seven Medical Centers in Taiwan
Jing-Jou Yan, Po-Ren Hsueh, Jang-Jih Lu, Feng-Yee Chang, Jainn-Ming Shyr, Jen-Hsien Wan, Yung-Ching Liu, Yin-Ching Chuang, Yi-Chueh Yang, Shih-Ming Tsao, Hsiu-Hung Wu, Li-Shin Wang, Tsuey-Pin Lin, Hsiu-Mei Wu, Hung-Mo Chen, and Jiunn-Jong Wu
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1861-1864;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Increasing Prevalence and Diversity of Metallo-ß-Lactamases in Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Enterobacteriaceae from Korea
Dongeun Yong, Yeoung Seon Choi, Kyoung Ho Roh, Chang Ki Kim, Youn Hee Park, Jong Hwa Yum, Kyungwon Lee, and Yunsop Chong
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1884-1886;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Selection of Plasmodium falciparum pfmdr1 Alleles following Therapy with Artemether-Lumefantrine in an Area of Uganda where Malaria Is Highly Endemic
Christian Dokomajilar, Samuel L. Nsobya, Bryan Greenhouse, Philip J. Rosenthal, and Grant Dorsey
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1893-1895;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Macrolide-Resistant Streptococcus pyogenes in Norway: Population Structure and Resistance Determinants
P. Littauer, D. A. Caugant, M. Sangvik, E. A. Høiby, A. Sundsfjord, G. S. Simonsen, and the Norwegian Macrolide Study Group
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1896-1899;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Significance of Mutations in embB Codon 306 for Prediction of Ethambutol Resistance in Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates
Claudia Plinke, Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes, and Stefan Niemann
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1900-1902;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Vibrio cholerae InV117, a Class 1 Integron Harboring aac(6')-Ib and bla_CTX-M-2, Is Linked to Transposition Genes
Alfonso J. C. Soler Bistué, Fernando A. Martín, Alejandro Petroni, Diego Faccone, Marcelo Galas, Marcelo E. Tolmasky, and Angeles Zorreguieta
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1903-1907;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Susceptibility:

Polyamines Increase Antibiotic Susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Dong H. Kwon and Chung-Dar Lu
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1623-1627;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Antifungal Activity of C-27 Steroidal Saponins
Chong-Ren Yang, Ying Zhang, Melissa R. Jacob, Shabana I. Khan, Ying-Jun Zhang, and Xing-Cong Li
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1710-1714;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Activity of Retapamulin against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus Evaluated by Agar Dilution, Microdilution, E-Test, and Disk Diffusion Methodologies
Glenn A. Pankuch, Gengrong Lin, Dianne B. Hoellman, Caryn E. Good, Michael R. Jacobs, and Peter C. Appelbaum
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1727-1730;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Erythromycin and Clindamycin Resistance in Group B Streptococcal Clinical Isolates
Scott E. Gygax, Jessica A. Schuyler, Lauren E. Kimmel, Jason P. Trama, Eli Mordechai, and Martin E. Adelson
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1875-1877;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental material] [Reprints and Permissions]

In Vitro Activities of DX-619 and Four Comparator Agents against 376 Anaerobic Bacterial Isolates
D. Molitoris, M.-L. Väisänen, M. Bolaños, and S. M. Finegold
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1887-1889;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Clostridium difficile and Its Relation to PCR Ribotypes in a Swedish University Hospital
Olle Aspevall, Annika Lundberg, Lars G. Burman, Thomas Åkerlund, and Bo Svenungsson
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1890-1892;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Experimental Therapeutics:

Pharmacodynamics of Levofloxacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Reduced Susceptibility Due to Different Efflux Pumps: Do Elevated MICs Always Predict Reduced In Vivo Efficacy?
David C. Griffith, Erik Corcoran, Denene Lofland, Angela Lee, Deidre Cho, Olga Lomovskaya, and Michael N. Dudley
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1628-1632;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

New Potential Antimalarial Agents: Therapeutic-Index Evaluation of Pyrroloquinazolinediamine and Its Prodrugs in a Rat Model of Severe Malaria
Lisa H. Xie, Qigui Li, Ai J. Lin, Kirsten Smith, Jing Zhang, and Donald S. Skillman
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1649-1655;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

LL-37 Protects Rats against Lethal Sepsis Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria
Oscar Cirioni, Andrea Giacometti, Roberto Ghiselli, Cristina Bergnach, Fiorenza Orlando, Carmela Silvestri, Federico Mocchegiani, Alberto Licci, Barbara Skerlavaj, Marco Rocchi, Vittorio Saba, Margherita Zanetti, and Giorgio Scalise
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1672-1679;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Antimalarial Activity of Allicin, a Biologically Active Compound from Garlic Cloves
Alida Coppi, Melissa Cabinian, David Mirelman, and Photini Sinnis
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1731-1737;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

EDTA as an Adjunct Antifungal Agent for Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in a Rodent Model
Ray Hachem, Paul Bahna, Hend Hanna, L. Clifton Stephens, and Issam Raad
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1823-1827;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Photoinactivation of Mycobacteria In Vitro and in a New Murine Model of Localized Mycobacterium bovis BCG-Induced Granulomatous Infection
Katie O'Riordan, David S. Sharlin, Jerome Gross, Sung Chang, Divya Errabelli, Oleg E. Akilov, Sachiko Kosaka, Gerard J. Nau, and Tayyaba Hasan
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1828-1834;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Nebulized Amphotericin B Combined with Intravenous Amphotericin B in Rats with Severe Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Elisabeth J. Ruijgrok, Marcel H. A. M. Fens, Irma A. J. M. Bakker-Woudenberg, Els W. M. van Etten, and Arnold G. Vulto
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1852-1854;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Comparative In Vitro Efficacies of Various Catheter Lock Solutions
Robert J. Sherertz, Michael S. Boger, Casey A. Collins, Lori Mason, and Issam I. Raad
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1865-1868;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Antiviral Agents:

Randomized, Double-Blind Study of Emtricitabine (FTC) plus Clevudine versus FTC Alone in Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B
Seng Gee Lim, Zahary Krastev, Tay Meng Ng, Grigor Mechkov, Iskren Andreev Kotzev, Sing Chan, Elsa Mondou, Andrea Snow, Jeff Sorbel, Franck Rousseau for the FTCB-204 Study Group
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1642-1648;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Pharmacokinetics of Telbivudine in Subjects with Various Degrees of Hepatic Impairment
Xiao-Jian Zhou, Thomas C. Marbury, Harry W. Alcorn, William B. Smith, Gloria Dubuc Patrick, George C. Chao, and Nathaniel A. Brown
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1721-1726;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Poly(I)-Poly(C₁₂U) but Not Ribavirin Prevents Death in a Hamster Model of Nipah Virus Infection
M. C. Georges-Courbot, H. Contamin, C. Faure, P. Loth, S. Baize, P. Leyssen, J. Neyts, and V. Deubel
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1768-1772;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

VX-950, a Novel Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) NS3-4A Protease Inhibitor, Exhibits Potent Antiviral Activities in HCV Replicon Cells
Kai Lin, Robert B. Perni, Ann D. Kwong, and Chao Lin
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1813-1822;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Neuraminidase Inhibitor-Resistant and -Sensitive Influenza B Viruses Isolated from an Untreated Human Patient
Aeron C. Hurt, Pina Iannello, Kim Jachno, Naomi Komadina, Alan W. Hampson, Ian G. Barr, and Jennifer L. McKimm-Breschkin
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1872-1874;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Mechanisms of Action:

Proteomic Study of Peptide Deformylase Inhibition in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus
Wen Wang, Richard White, and Zhengyu Yuan
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1656-1663;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Calcium Signals Are Affected by Ciprofloxacin as a Consequence of Reduction of Mitochondrial DNA Content in Jurkat Cells
Rafal Koziel, Krzysztof Zablocki, and Jerzy Duszynski
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1664-1671;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Quorum-Sensing Antagonistic Activities of Azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: a Global Approach
Yusuf Nalca, Lothar Jänsch, Florian Bredenbruch, Robert Geffers, Jan Buer, and Susanne Häussler
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1680-1688;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

7-O-Malonyl Macrolactin A, a New Macrolactin Antibiotic from Bacillus subtilis Active against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci, and a Small-Colony Variant of Burkholderia cepacia
Magally Romero-Tabarez, Rolf Jansen, Marita Sylla, Heinrich Lünsdorf, Susanne Häußler, Dwi A. Santosa, Kenneth N. Timmis, and Gabriella Molinari
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1701-1709;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Clarithromycin Delays Progression of Bronchial Epithelial Cells from G₁ Phase to S Phase and Delays Cell Growth via Extracellular Signal-Regulated Protein Kinase Suppression
Masaharu Shinkai, Jun Tamaoki, Hideo Kobayashi, Soichiro Kanoh, Kazuo Motoyoshi, Tim Kute, and Bruce K. Rubin
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1738-1744;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Mechanisms by Which Lactococcus lactis Acquires Nisin Resistance
Naomi E. Kramer, Sacha A. F. T. van Hijum, Jan Knol, Jan Kok, and Oscar P. Kuipers
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1753-1761;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Sodium Antimony Gluconate Induces Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide via Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation in Leishmania donovani-Infected Macrophages
Jayati Mookerjee Basu, Ananda Mookerjee, Prosenjit Sen, Suniti Bhaumik, Pradip Sen, Subha Banerjee, Ksudiram Naskar, Soumitra K. Choudhuri, Bhaskar Saha, Sanghamitra Raha, and Syamal Roy
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1788-1797;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Minocycline Impedes African Trypanosome Invasion of the Brain in a Murine Model
Willias Masocha, Martin E. Rottenberg, and Krister Kristensson
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1798-1804;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Antibiofilm Activity of GlmU Enzyme Inhibitors against Catheter-Associated Uropathogens
Euan Burton, Purushottam V. Gawande, Nandadeva Yakandawala, Karen LoVetri, George G. Zhanel, Tony Romeo, Albert D. Friesen, and Srinivasa Madhyastha
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1835-1840;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Functional Characterization and Target Validation of Alternative Complex I of Plasmodium falciparum Mitochondria
Giancarlo A. Biagini, Parnpen Viriyavejakul, Paul M. O'Neill, Patrick G. Bray, and Stephen A. Ward
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1841-1851;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Pharmacology:

Cellular Accumulation and Activity of Quinolones in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant J774 Macrophages
Jean-Michel Michot, Marie F. Heremans, Nancy E. Caceres, Marie-Paule Mingeot-Leclercq, Paul M. Tulkens, and Françoise Van Bambeke
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1689-1695;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Pharmacokinetics of a New, Orally Available Ceftriaxone Formulation in Physical Complexation with a Cationic Analogue of Bile Acid in Rats
Seulki Lee, Sang Kyoon Kim, Dong Yun Lee, Su Young Chae, and Youngro Byun
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1869-1871;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Effect of a Nutritional Supplement on Posaconazole Pharmacokinetics following Oral Administration to Healthy Volunteers
Angela Sansone-Parsons, Gopal Krishna, Angela Calzetta, David Wexler, Bhavna Kantesaria, Mitchell A. Rosenberg, and Marc A. Saltzman
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1881-1883;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Clinical Therapeutics:

Preclinical Safety and Efficacy Assessments of Dendrimer-Based (SPL7013) Microbicide Gel Formulations in a Nonhuman Primate Model
D. L. Patton, Y. T. Cosgrove Sweeney, T. D. McCarthy, and S. L. Hillier
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1696-1700;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Predictors of Mortality in Patients with Bloodstream Infection Due to Ceftazidime-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Deverick J. Anderson, John J. Engemann, Lizzie J. Harrell, Yehuda Carmeli, L. Barth Reller, and Keith S. Kaye
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1715-1720;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Clinical and Bacteriological Efficacy in Treatment of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Bronchitis with Cefditoren-Pivoxil versus Cefuroxime-Axetil
Jose-Luis Alvarez-Sala, Peter Kardos, Jesús Martínez-Beltrán, Pilar Coronel, Lorenzo Aguilar, and the Cefditoren AECB Working Group
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1762-1767;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Long-Term Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Human Monoclonal Antibodies (MAbs) against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Envelope gp120 (MAb 2G12) and gp41 (MAbs 4E10 and 2F5)
Beda Joos, Alexandra Trkola, Herbert Kuster, Leonardo Aceto, Marek Fischer, Gabriela Stiegler, Christine Armbruster, Brigitta Vcelar, Hermann Katinger, and Huldrych F. Günthard
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1773-1779;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Curcumin-Artemisinin Combination Therapy for Malaria
Dalavaikodihalli Nanjaiah Nandakumar, Viswanathan Arun Nagaraj, Palakkod Govindan Vathsala, Pundi Rangarajan, and Govindarajan Padmanaban
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1859-1860;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Intrapulmonary Penetration of Voriconazole in Patients Receiving an Oral Prophylactic Regimen
Blair Capitano, Brian A. Potoski, Shahid Husain, Shimin Zhang, David L. Paterson, Sean M. Studer, Kenneth R. McCurry, and Raman Venkataramanan
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1878-1880;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Biologic Response Modifiers:

Novel Effects of Azithromycin on Tight Junction Proteins in Human Airway Epithelia
Valthor Asgrimsson, Thorarinn Gudjonsson, Gudmundur Hrafn Gudmundsson, and Olafur Baldursson
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1805-1812;
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Letters:

Activity of Novel Benzoxazinorifamycins against Rifamycin-Resistant Streptococcus pyogenes
Steve Mullin, David M. Rothstein, and Christopher K. Murphy
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1908-1909;
[Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Is Linezolid Superior to Vancomycin for Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus?
Andre C. Kalil, Susan Puumala, Julie Stoner, John Weigelt, Kamal Itani, Dennis Stevens, and Charles Knirsch
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1910-1911;
[Full Text] [PDF] [Reprints and Permissions]

Recent Approvals:

New Antimicrobial Agents Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2005 and New Indications for Previously Approved Agents

Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. May 2006 50: 1912
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To see an article, click its [Full Text] link. To review many abstracts, check the boxes to the left of the titles you want, and click the 'Get All Checked Abstract(s)' button. To see one abstract at a time, click its [Abstract] link.