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Editor's Pick SusceptibilityBicarbonate Resensitization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to β-Lactam AntibioticsEndovascular infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a major health care concern, especially infective endocarditis (IE). Standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) defines most MRSA strains as “resistant” to β-lactams, often leading to the use of costly and/or toxic treatment regimens. In this investigation, five prototype...
Mechanisms of ResistanceLow Level of Antifungal Resistance in Iranian Isolates of Candida glabrata Recovered from Blood Samples in a Multicenter Study from 2015 to 2018 and Potential Prognostic Values of Genotyping and Sequencing of PDR1Establishing an effective empirical antifungal therapy requires that national surveillance studies be conducted. Herein, we report the clinical outcome of infections with and the microbiological features of Iranian isolates of Candida glabrata derived from patients suffering from candidemia.
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Challenging Clinical Case in Antimicrobial ResistanceTreatment of Multidrug-Resistant Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Hardware-Associated Vertebral Osteomyelitis with Oritavancin plus AmpicillinWeekly oritavancin plus ampicillin continuous infusion combination therapy was used to successfully treat a deep spine vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infection associated with hardware. Checkerboard and time-kill assays confirmed synergy between these two antibiotics.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceThe Microbiology of Bloodstream Infection: 20-Year Trends from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance ProgramBloodstream infection (BSI) organisms were consecutively collected from >200 medical centers in 45 nations between 1997 and 2016. Species identification and susceptibility testing followed Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods at a central laboratory.
Mechanisms of ResistanceIsoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is a Heterogeneous Phenotype Composed of Overlapping MIC Distributions with Different Underlying Resistance MechanismsMIC testing using the Bactec mycobacteria growth indicator tube system 960 of 70 phylogenetically diverse, isoniazid-resistant clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed a complex pattern of overlapping MIC distributions. Whole-genome sequencing explained most of the levels of resistance observed.
SusceptibilityComparing Antimicrobial Susceptibilities among Mycoplasma pneumoniae Isolates from Pediatric Patients in Japan between Two Recent Epidemic PeriodsWe compared the antimicrobial susceptibility of Mycoplasma pneumoniae isolates from pediatric patients in Japan in 2011–2012 and 2015–2016, when epidemics occurred. The antimicrobial activity of macrolides and tetracyclines against M. pneumoniae infection tended to be restored in 2015–2016.
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Experimental TherapeuticsAdvancing the Therapeutic Potential of Indoleamides for TuberculosisIndole-2-carboxamide derivatives are inhibitors of MmpL3, the cell wall-associated mycolic acid transporter of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the present study, we characterized indoleamide effects on bacterial cell morphology and reevaluated pharmacokinetics and in vivo efficacy using an optimized oral formulation.
Mechanisms of Action: Physiological EffectsAntibiotic Killing of Diversely Generated Populations of Nonreplicating BacteriaNonreplicating bacteria are known to be (or at least commonly thought to be) refractory to antibiotics to which they are genetically susceptible. Here, we explore the sensitivity to killing by bactericidal antibiotics of three classes of nonreplicating populations of planktonic bacteria: (i) stationary phase, when the concentration of resources and/or nutrients are too low to allow for population growth; (ii) persisters, minority...
Clinical TherapeuticsEfficacy and Safety of Tedizolid Phosphate versus Linezolid in a Randomized Phase 3 Trial in Patients with Acute Bacterial Skin and Skin Structure InfectionTedizolid phosphate is approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection (ABSSSI) caused by Gram-positive bacteria in the United States, Europe, and other countries. In this multicenter, double-blind, phase 3 study, 598 adult ABSSSI patients in China, Taiwan, the Philippines, and the United States were randomized to receive 200 mg of tedizolid, intravenously (i.v.)/orally (p.o.), once daily for 6 days or...
Clinical TherapeuticsA First-in-Human Study To Assess the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of LYS228, a Novel Intravenous Monobactam Antibiotic in Healthy VolunteersInfections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria expressing extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenemases are a growing global problem resulting in increased morbidity and mortality with limited treatment options. LYS228 is a novel intravenous monobactam antibiotic targeting penicillin binding protein 3 with potent activity against Enterobacteriaceae...