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Journal Article | Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Efficacy of azithromycin or clarithromycin for prophylaxis of viridans group streptococcus experimental endocarditis.

M S Rouse, J M Steckelberg, C M Brandt, R Patel, J M Miro, W R Wilson
M S Rouse
Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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J M Steckelberg
Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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C M Brandt
Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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R Patel
Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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J M Miro
Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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W R Wilson
Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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DOI: 10.1128/AAC.41.8.1673
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ABSTRACT

The efficacy of azithromycin or clarithromycin was compared to that of amoxicillin, clindamycin, or erythromycin for the prevention of viridans group streptococcus experimental endocarditis. Rabbits with catheter-induced aortic valve vegetations were given no antibiotics or two doses of amoxicillin at 25 mg/kg of body weight, azithromycin at 10 mg/kg, clarithromycin at 10 mg/kg, clindamycin at 40 mg/kg followed by clindamycin at 20 mg/kg, or erythromycin at 10 mg/kg. Antibiotics were administered 0.5 h before and 5.5 h after intravenous infusion of 5 x 10(5) CFU of Streptococcus milleri. Forty-eight hours after bacterial inoculation, the rabbits were killed and aortic valve vegetations were aseptically removed and cultured for bacteria. Infective endocarditis occurred in 88% of untreated animals, 1% of animals receiving amoxicillin, 9% of animals receiving erythromycin, 0% of animals receiving clindamycin, 2.5% of animals receiving clarithromycin, and 1% of animals receiving azithromycin. All five regimens were more effective (P < 0.001) than no prophylaxis. Erythromycin was less effective (P < 0.05) than amoxicillin or clindamycin. Azithromycin or clarithromycin was as effective as amoxicillin, clindamycin, or erythromycin for the prevention of viridans group streptococcus experimental endocarditis in this model.

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Efficacy of azithromycin or clarithromycin for prophylaxis of viridans group streptococcus experimental endocarditis.
M S Rouse, J M Steckelberg, C M Brandt, R Patel, J M Miro, W R Wilson
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Aug 1997, 41 (8) 1673-1676; DOI: 10.1128/AAC.41.8.1673

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Efficacy of azithromycin or clarithromycin for prophylaxis of viridans group streptococcus experimental endocarditis.
M S Rouse, J M Steckelberg, C M Brandt, R Patel, J M Miro, W R Wilson
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Aug 1997, 41 (8) 1673-1676; DOI: 10.1128/AAC.41.8.1673
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