Mechanisms of Action: Physiological Effects

Atomic Force Microscopy: Application to Investigation of Escherichia coli Morphology before and after Exposure to Cefodizime

Pier Carlo Braga, Davide Ricci
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.42.1.18

Article Figures & Data

Figures

  • Fig. 1.
    Fig. 1.

    Schematic diagram of an atomic force microscope.

  • Figure2

    FIG. 2–4. AFM images of E. coli under different conditions.

  • Fig. 2.
    Fig. 2.

    Common morphology of E. coli without exposure to cefodizime. Bars, 500 nm.

  • FIG. 3 and 4. Example of bacterial damage after exposure to supra-MICs of cefodizime. Bars, 500 nm.

  • FIG. 5–7. AFM images of E. coliunder different conditions.

  • Fig. 5.

    Example of bacterial flattening and emptying after exposure to supra-MICs of cefodizime. Bars, 500 nm.

  • Fig. 6.

    E. colifilamentation following exposure to sub-MICs of cefodizime. Bars, 500 nm.

  • Fig. 7.

    Filamentation and bulge formation in E. coli after exposure to sub-MICs of cefodizime. Bars, 500 nm.

  • Fig. 8.
    Fig. 8.

    Example of height and size measurements of selected cross-section in a damaged bacterium (f, fimbria).

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