DOI: 10.1128/AAC.43.1.1
Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1.
Mammalian antifungal peptides
Peptide Source No. of amino acids Mode of action Typical target organism In vitro MIC (μg/ml) Defensins NP-1 Rabbit granulocytes 33 Lysis C. neoformans 3.75–15.0a NP-2 Rabbit granulocytes 33 Lysis A. fumigatus 25.0 NP-3A Rabbit granulocytes 34 Lysis A. fumigatus 100.0 NP-3B Rabbit granulocytes 33 Lysis A. fumigatus 100.0 NP-4 Rabbit granulocytes 33 Lysis A. fumigatus >100.0 NP-5 Rabbit granulocytes 33 Lysis A. fumigatus Inactive alone HNP-1 Human neutrophils 30 Lysis C. albicans 50.0 HNP-2 Human neutrophils 29 Lysis C. albicans 50.0 HNP-3 Human neutrophils 30 Lysis C. neoformans 50.0 (LD50 b) Gallinacin-1 Chicken 39 Lysis C. albicans 25.0 Lactoferricin-B Human, bovine 18 Lysis C. albicans 0.8 Protegrins 1 to 3 Human, porcine 16–18 Lysis C. albicans 3.0–60.0 Tracheal antimicrobial peptide Human, bovine 38 Lysis C. albicans 6.0–12.0 Tritrptcin Human, porcine 13 Lysis A. flavus 250.0 - Table 2.
Insect and amphibian antimicrobial peptides
Peptide Source No. of amino acids Mode of action Typical target organism In vitro MIC (μg/ml) Antifungal peptide S. peregrina 67 Lysis C. albicans 25.0 Cecropins A H. cecropia 37 Lysis F. oxysporum 12.0 B H. cecropia 35 Lysis A. fumigatus 9.5 Dermaseptins b P. sauvagii 27 Lysis C. neoformans 60.0 s P. sauvagii 34 Lysis C. neoformans 5.0 Drosomycin D. melanogaster 44 Lysis F. oxysporum 5.9–12.3a Magainin 2 X. laevis 23 Lysis C. albicans 80 Thanatin P. maculiventris 21 Unknown A. fumigatus 24–48a ↵a MICs based on assays with multiple isolates.
- Table 3.
Bacterial and fungal antifungal peptides
Peptide Source Structure Mode of action Typical target organism In vitro MIC (μg/ml) 1901-II P. lilacinus Amino-lipopeptide Unknown C. tropicalis 12.5 1907-VIII P. lilacinus Amino-peptide Unknown C. tropicalis 50.0 A12-C B. licheniformis Peptide Hyphal proliferation M. canis Unknown Aculeacins Aspergillus aculeatus Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.2–6.3a Aureobasidin A A. pullulans Cyclic depsipeptide Actin assembly C. neoformans 0.63 Bacillomycin F Bacillus subtilis Lipopeptide Lysis Aspergillus niger 40.0 CB-1 B. licheniformis Lipopeptide Chitin binding F. oxysporum 50.0 (IC50 b) Cepacidine A1 B. cepacia Cyclic glycopeptide Unknown A. niger 0.098 Cepacidine A2 B. cepacia Cyclic glycopeptide Unknown A. niger 0.096 Echinocandin B A. nidulans Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.625 Fungicin M-4 B. licheniformis Cyclic peptide Unknown Mucor sp. 8.0 FR900403 Kerniasp. Lipopeptide Chitin synthesis C. albicans 0.4 Helioferin A M. rosea Lipopeptide Unknown C. albicans 5.0 Helioferin B M. rosea Lipopeptide Unknown C. albicans 5.0 Iturin A B. subtilis Lipopeptide Lysis S. cerevisiae 22.0 Leucinostatin A P. lilacinum Amino-lipopeptide Unknown C. neoformans 0.5 Leucinostatin H P. marquandii Amino-lipopeptide Unknown C. albicans 10.0 Leucinostatin K P. marquandii Amino-lipopeptide Unknown C. albicans 25.0 Mulundocandin A. syndowi Lipopeptide Glycan synthesis C. albicans, A. niger 0.97 31.25 Nikkomycin X Streptomyces tendae Peptide-nucleoside Chitin synthesis C. immitis 0.125 Nikkomycin Z S. tendae Peptide-nucleoside Chitin synthesis C. immitis 0.77 Pneumocandin A0 Z. arboricola Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicansisolates 0.12–2.0a Polyoxin D S. cacaoi Trinucleoside peptide Chitin synthesis C. immitis 0.125 Pseudomycin A P. syringae Lipodepsinonapeptide Lysis C. neoformans 1.56 Schizotrin A Schizotrix sp. Cyclic undecapeptide Unknown C. albicans 0.02 Syringomycin E P. syringae Lipodepsipeptide Lysis C. neoformans 0.8–12.5a Syringostatin A P. syringae Lipodepsipeptide Lysis (?) A. fumigatus 5.0–40.0a Syringotoxin B P. syringae Lipodepsinonapeptide Lysis (?) C. albicans 3.2–50.0a Trichopolyn A T. polysporum Amino-lipopeptide Unknown C. neoformans 0.78 Trichopolyn B T. polysporum Amino-lipopeptide Unknown C. neoformans 0.78 WF11899 A Coleophoma empetri Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.16 WF11899 B C. empetri Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.008 (IC50) WF11899 C C. empetri Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.008 (IC50) - Table 4.
Synthetic and semisynthetic antifungal peptides
Peptide Structure Mode of action Typical target organism In vitro MIC (μg/ml) Cilofungin (LY121019) Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.62 D4E1 Linear peptide Lysis (?) A. flavus 26.25 L731,373 Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans ≤0.06 L733,560 Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.06 L743,872 (MK-0991) Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis A. flavus 0.09–3.12 L773,560 Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis C. albicans 0.5 LY303366 Lipopeptide Glucan synthesis Candida krusei 0.5 - Table 5.
Plant antifungal peptides
Peptide Source No. of amino acids Mode of action Typical target organism In vitro MIC (μg/ml) ACE-AMP1 A. cepa 84 Unknown F. oxysporum 0.3 (IC50 a) Hs-AFP1 H. sanginea 54 Unknown F. moniliforme 125.0 Ib-AMP3 I. balsamina 20 Unknown F. moniliforme 50.0 Rs-AFP2 R. sativus 51 Unknown F. moniliforme 125.0 Zeamatin Z. mays 27 Lysis (?) C. albicans 0.5 ↵a IC50, inhibitory concentration for 50% of the population.
- Top
- Article
- CLASSIFICATION OF PEPTIDES
- MAMMALIAN PEPTIDES
- INSECT-DERIVED ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES
- AMPHIBIAN-DERIVED PEPTIDES
- ANTIFUNGAL PEPTIDES PRODUCED BY BACTERIA AND FUNGI
- CHITIN SYNTHASE INHIBITORS
- PEPTIDES AFFECTING GLUCAN SYNTHESIS
- OTHER ANTIFUNGAL PEPTIDES DERIVED FROM BACTERIA AND FUNGI
- PLANT ANTIFUNGAL PEPTIDES
- SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES
- CONCLUSIONS
- REFERENCES
- Figures & Data
- Info & Metrics