Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Multiple alignment of Vat proteins from different microorganisms. Amino acids are represented by the one-letter standard code. Gaps are represented by dots. A dash indicates that the residue in that position is the same as that in the Y. enterocolitica sequence shown in the top line. Residues conserved in all the sequences are boldfaced. Abbreviations: yersat, Y. enterocolitica Y56 Sat (GenBank accession number AF170730); synvat, Vat of Synechocystis spp. (D13960); staphvata,S. aureus VatA (L07778); staphvatb, S. aureusVatB (U19459); cohnivat, S. cohnii VatC (AF015628); shewavat, S. putrefaciens putative Sat; multovat, P. multocida PM70 putative Sat; entvat, E. faecium SatA (L12033). Preliminary sequence data for S. putrefaciens andP. multocida PM70 were obtained from the website of The Institute for Genomic Research (http://www.tigr.org/).
- Fig. 2.
Phylogenetic tree showing the evolutionary relationship of the Y. enterocolitica sat gene product with other streptogramin acetyltransferases. The tree was elaborated with the program GROWTHTREE from the GCG package (13) from a distance matrix calculated from the alignment shown in Fig. 1. The length of each branch is proportional to the number of substitutions per 100 residues. Bar, 10 substitutions per 100 amino acids. Abbreviations are as explained in the legend to Fig. 1.
- Fig. 3.
Hybridization of Y. enterocoliticachromosomal DNA digested with EcoRI/HindIII with a probe containing the sat gene from Y. enterocolitica Y56. Lanes: 1, P1403; 2, P219; 3, WA; 4, 13514; 5, My79b; 6, IP97; 7, IP4124; 8, IP22273; 9, IP22274; 10, H-6; 11, H-14; 12, Y-56; 13, Y-60; 14, E. coli chromosomal DNA; 15, molecular mass markers. The sizes of the markers in kilobases are shown on the right.
Tables
- Table 1.
MICs of streptogramins for E. coli strains with and without plasmid pAS-3 and for Y. enterocolitica Y56
Strain MIC (μg ml−1) ofa: A B A + B E. coli DB10 2 64 2 DB10 (pK18) 2 64 2 DB10 (pAS3) 8 256 8 DB11 4 256 4 DB11 (pK18) 4 256 4 DB11 (pAS3) 32 256 32 E. faecium BM4145 64 256 32 Y. enterocolitica Y56 64 >256 32 ↵a A, the class A streptogramin dalfopristin; B, the class B streptogramin quinupristin; A + B, a 70:30 dalfopristin-quinupristin mixture.
- Table 2.
In vitro acetylating activities of crude extractsa on the class A streptogramins virginiamycin M1 and dalfopristin
Extract Activity (nmol of antibiotic acetylated/min/mg of protein) on: Virginiamycin M1 Dalfopristin E. coli DB10 pK18 0.65 ± 0.15 0.46 ± 0.11 E. coli DB10 pAS3 42.4 ± 7 31.27 ± 3 S. aureus BM3002 129.7 ± 8.2 63.49 ± 6.4 E. faecium BM4145 161.83 ± 12.3 82.68 ± 8.5 Y. enterocoliticaY56 16.2 ± 2 11.06 ± 1.4 ↵a Extracts were prepared as described in the text.
