Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy: 46 (5)

May 1, 2002; Volume 46,Issue 5

Minireviews

Minireview
Antiparasitic Agent Atovaquone
Aaron L. Baggish, David R. Hill

Chemistry; Biosynthesis

Chemistry; Biosynthesis
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster of Simocyclinone, a Natural Multihybrid Antibiotic
A. Trefzer, S. Pelzer, J. Schimana, S. Stockert, C. Bihlmaier, H.-P. Fiedler, K. Welzel, A. Vente, A. Bechthold

Mechanisms of Resistance

Mechanisms of Resistance
TEM-80, a Novel Inhibitor-Resistant β-Lactamase in a Clinical Isolate of Enterobacter cloacae
Corinne Arpin, Roger Labia, Véronique Dubois, Patrick Noury, Muriel Souquet, Claudine Quentin
Mechanisms of Resistance
Origin and Evolution of the AmpC β-Lactamases of Citrobacter freundii
Miriam Barlow, Barry G. Hall
Mechanisms of Resistance
Emergence of Group A Streptococcus Strains with Different Mechanisms of Macrolide Resistance
Edouard Bingen, Roland Leclercq, Frédéric Fitoussi, Naïma Brahimi, Brigitte Malbruny, Dominique Deforche, Robert Cohen
Mechanisms of Resistance
Fitness Cost of Chromosomal Drug Resistance-Conferring Mutations
Peter Sander, Burkhard Springer, Therdsak Prammananan, Antje Sturmfels, Martin Kappler, Michel Pletschette, Erik C. Böttger
Mechanisms of Resistance
ColE1-Like Plasmid pIP843 of Klebsiella pneumoniae Encoding Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase CTX-M-17
Van Cao, Thierry Lambert, Patrice Courvalin
Mechanisms of Resistance
A Missense Mutation in the fabB (β-Ketoacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Synthase I) Gene Confers Thiolactomycin Resistance to Escherichia coli
Suzanne Jackowski, Yong-Mei Zhang, Allen C. Price, Stephen W. White, Charles O. Rock
Mechanisms of Resistance
Identification of Essential Residues in the Erm(B) rRNA Methyltransferase of Clostridium perfringens
Kylie A. Farrow, Dena Lyras, Galina Polekhina, Katerina Koutsis, Michael W. Parker, Julian I. Rood
Mechanisms of Resistance
Characterization of Plasmids Carrying CMY-2 from Expanded-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Salmonella Strains Isolated in the United States between 1996 and 1998
A. Carattoli, F. Tosini, W. P. Giles, M. E. Rupp, S. H. Hinrichs, F. J. Angulo, T. J. Barrett, P. D. Fey
Mechanisms of Resistance
Effects of Amino Acid Alterations in Penicillin-Binding Proteins (PBPs) 1a, 2b, and 2x on PBP Affinities of Penicillin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Cefditoren, Cefuroxime, Cefprozil, and Cefaclor in 18 Clinical Isolates of Penicillin-Susceptible, -Intermediate, and -Resistant Pneumococci
Kensuke Nagai, Todd A. Davies, Michael R. Jacobs, Peter C. Appelbaum
Mechanisms of Resistance
Widespread Distribution of a Tet W Determinant among Tetracycline-Resistant Isolates of the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes
Stephen J. Billington, J. Glenn Songer, B. Helen Jost
Mechanisms of Resistance
Characterization and Movement of the Class 1 Integron Known as Tn2521 and Tn1405
Sally R. Partridge, Heidi J. Brown, Ruth M. Hall
Mechanisms of Resistance
Presence of a Group II Intron in a Multiresistant Serratia marcescens Strain That Harbors Three Integrons and a Novel Gene Fusion
Daniela Centrón, Paul H. Roy
Mechanisms of Resistance
tcrB, a Gene Conferring Transferable Copper Resistance in Enterococcus faecium: Occurrence, Transferability, and Linkage to Macrolide and Glycopeptide Resistance
Henrik Hasman, Frank M. Aarestrup
Mechanisms of Resistance
High Prevalence of KatG Ser315Thr Substitution among Isoniazid-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clinical Isolates from Northwestern Russia, 1996 to 2001
Igor Mokrousov, Olga Narvskaya, Tatiana Otten, Elena Limeschenko, Lidia Steklova, Boris Vyshnevskiy
Mechanisms of Resistance
Plasmidic Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Isolates in Argentina
Alejandro Petroni, Alejandra Corso, Roberto Melano, María Luisa Cacace, Ana María Bru, Alicia Rossi, Marcelo Galas
Mechanisms of Resistance
Bloodstream Infections by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Children: Epidemiology and Clinical Outcome
Yun-Kyung Kim, Hyunjoo Pai, Hoan-Jong Lee, Su-Eun Park, Eun-Hwa Choi, Jungmin Kim, Je-Hak Kim, Eui-Chong Kim
Mechanisms of Resistance
Accessory Gene Regulator (agr) Locus in Geographically Diverse Staphylococcus aureus Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Vancomycin
George Sakoulas, George M. Eliopoulos, Robert C. Moellering, Christine Wennersten, Lata Venkataraman, Richard P. Novick, Howard S. Gold
Mechanisms of Resistance
Antagonism between Aminoglycosides and β-Lactams in a Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolate Involves Induction of an Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzyme
Takashi Ida, Ryoichi Okamoto, Masato Nonoyama, Kazuhiko Irinoda, Mizuyo Kurazono, Matsuhisa Inoue
Mechanisms of Resistance
Chromosomal System for Studying AmpC-Mediated β-Lactam Resistance Mutation in Escherichia coli
Joseph F. Petrosino, Amanda R. Pendleton, Joel H. Weiner, Susan M. Rosenberg
Mechanisms of Resistance
30S Ribosomal Subunit Assembly Is a Target for Inhibition by Aminoglycosides in Escherichia coli
Roopal Mehta, W. Scott Champney
Mechanisms of Resistance
New Mg²⁺-Dependent Oxytetracycline Resistance Determinant Tet 34 in Vibrio Isolates from Marine Fish Intestinal Contents
Lisa Nonaka, Satoru Suzuki
Mechanisms of Resistance
Association of Metronidazole Resistance and Natural Competence in Helicobacter pylori
Yu-Ching Yeh, Kai-Chin Chang, Jyh-Chin Yang, Chi-Tai Fang, Jin-Town Wang
Mechanisms of Resistance
rpoB Mutation Conferring Rifampin Resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes
Hélène Aubry-Damon, Marc Galimand, Guy Gerbaud, Patrice Courvalin
Mechanisms of Resistance
Macrolide and Tetracycline Resistance and Molecular Relationships of Clinical Strains of Streptococcus agalactiae
Esther Culebras, Iciar Rodriguez-Avial, Carmen Betriu, Montserrat Redondo, Juan J. Picazo
Mechanisms of Resistance
Outbreak of Infections Caused by Enterobacter cloacae Producing the Integron-Associated β-Lactamase IBC-1 in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Greek Hospital
Georgia Kartali, Eva Tzelepi, Spyros Pournaras, Constantina Kontopoulou, Fanourios Kontos, Danai Sofianou, Antonios N. Maniatis, Athanassios Tsakris
Mechanisms of Resistance
Site-Specific Recombination with the Chromosomal tRNA^Leu Gene by the Large Conjugative Haemophilus Resistance Plasmid
Ioanna D. Dimopoulou, Joanne E. Russell, Zaini Mohd-Zain, Rebecca Herbert, Derrick W. Crook
Mechanisms of Resistance
Characterization of a Laboratory-Derived, High-Level Ampicillin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Strain That Caused Meningitis in an Infant
Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chishih Chu, Lin-Hui Su, Wan-Yu Wu, Tsu-Lan Wu

Susceptibility

Susceptibility
Susceptibilities of Mycoplasma fermentans and Mycoplasma hyorhinis to Membrane-Active Peptides and Enrofloxacin in Human Tissue Cell Cultures
Ran Nir-Paz, Marie-Christine Prévost, Pierre Nicolas, Alain Blanchard, Henri Wróblewski
Susceptibility
Antibacterial Activity of Licochalcone A against Spore-Forming Bacteria
Ryo-Ichi Tsukiyama, Harumi Katsura, Nozomu Tokuriki, Makio Kobayashi
Susceptibility
NB2001, a Novel Antibacterial Agent with Broad-Spectrum Activity and Enhanced Potency against β-Lactamase-Producing Strains
Qing Li, Jean Y. Lee, Rosario Castillo, Mark S. Hixon, Catherine Pujol, Venkata Ramana Doppalapudi, H. Michael Shepard, Geoffrey M. Wahl, Thomas J. Lobl, Ming Fai Chan
Susceptibility
Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada during 2000
Donald E. Low, Joyce de Azavedo, Karl Weiss, Tony Mazzulli, Magdalena Kuhn, Deirdre Church, Kevin Forward, George Zhanel, Andrew Simor, A. McGeer
and Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network
Susceptibility
Effects of Compounds Found in Propolis on Streptococcus mutans Growth and on Glucosyltransferase Activity
Hyun Koo, Pedro L. Rosalen, Jaime A. Cury, Yong K. Park, William H. Bowen
Susceptibility
Purification, Characterization, and Identification of Novel Inhibitors of the β-Ketoacyl-Acyl Carrier Protein Synthase III (FabH) from Staphylococcus aureus
Xin He, Kevin A. Reynolds
Susceptibility
Antimicrobial Activity of Quinupristin-Dalfopristin Combined with Other Antibiotics against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci
G. M. Eliopoulos, C. B. Wennersten
Susceptibility
A Chemically Modified Tetracycline (CMT-3) Is a New Antifungal Agent
Yu Liu, Maria E. Ryan, Hsi-Ming Lee, Sanford Simon, George Tortora, Carol Lauzon, Michael K. Leung, Lorne M. Golub
Susceptibility
Potato Dextrose Agar Antifungal Susceptibility Testing for Yeasts and Molds: Evaluation of Phosphate Effect on Antifungal Activity of CMT-3
Yu Liu, George Tortora, Maria E. Ryan, Hsi-Ming Lee, Lorne M. Golub
Susceptibility
In Vitro Interactions of Artemisinin with Atovaquone, Quinine, and Mefloquine against Plasmodium falciparum
S. Gupta, M. M. Thapar, W. H. Wernsdorfer, A. Björkman
Susceptibility
Activities of New Fluoroquinolones, Ketolides, and Other Antimicrobials against Blood Culture Isolates of Viridans Group Streptococci from across Canada, 2000
Andrea S. Gershon, Joyce C. S. de Azavedo, Allison McGeer, Krystyna I. Ostrowska, Deirdre Church, Daryl J. Hoban, Godfrey K. M. Harding, Karl Weiss, Lewis Abbott, Fiona Smaill, Marie Gourdeau, Gilles Murray, Donald E. Low
and Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network
Susceptibility
In Vitro Activities of Posaconazole, Itraconazole, Voriconazole, Amphotericin B, and Fluconazole against 37 Clinical Isolates of Zygomycetes
Qiu N. Sun, Annette W. Fothergill, Dora I. McCarthy, Michael G. Rinaldi, John R. Graybill
Susceptibility
In Vitro Activities of Free and Lipid Formulations of Amphotericin B and Nystatin against Clinical Isolates of Coccidioides immitis at Various Saprobic Stages
Gloria M. González, Rolando Tijerina, Deanna A. Sutton, John R. Graybill, Michael G. Rinaldi
Susceptibility
In Vitro Activity of Linezolid against Clostridium difficile
T. Peláez, R. Alonso, C. Pérez, L. Alcalá, O. Cuevas, E. Bouza

Antiviral Agents

Antiviral Agents
Characterization of Imidazo[4,5-d]Pyridazine Nucleosides as Modulators of Unwinding Reaction Mediated by West Nile Virus Nucleoside Triphosphatase/Helicase: Evidence for Activity on the Level of Substrate and/or Enzyme
Peter Borowski, Melanie Lang, Annemarie Haag, Herbert Schmitz, Joonho Choe, Huan-Ming Chen, Ramachandra S. Hosmane
Antiviral Agents
Characterization of Wild-Type and Cidofovir-Resistant Strains of Camelpox, Cowpox, Monkeypox, and Vaccinia Viruses
Donald F. Smee, Robert W. Sidwell, Debbie Kefauver, Mike Bray, John W. Huggins
Antiviral Agents
Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Interactions of SCH-C (SCH 351125), a CCR5 Antagonist, with Other Antiretroviral Agents In Vitro
Cécile L. Tremblay, Françoise Giguel, Christopher Kollmann, Yongbiao Guan, Ting-Chao Chou, Bahige M. Baroudy, Martin S. Hirsch
Antiviral Agents
DPC 817: a Cytidine Nucleoside Analog with Activity against Zidovudine- and Lamivudine-Resistant Viral Variants
Raymond F. Schinazi, John Mellors, Holly Bazmi, Sharon Diamond, Sena Garber, Karen Gallagher, Romas Geleziunas, Ron Klabe, Michael Pierce, Marlene Rayner, Jing-Tao Wu, Hangchun Zhang, Jennifer Hammond, Lee Bacheler, Douglas J. Manion, Michael J. Otto, Lieven Stuyver, George Trainor, Dennis C. Liotta, Susan Erickson-Viitanen
Antiviral Agents
Effects of Specific Zidovudine Resistance Mutations and Substrate Structure on Nucleotide-Dependent Primer Unblocking by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase
Peter R. Meyer, Suzanne E. Matsuura, Adviye A. Tolun, Ingrid Pfeifer, Antero G. So, John W. Mellors, Walter A. Scott
Antiviral Agents
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Resistance Mutations in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-HIV-Coinfected Patients Treated for HBV Chronic Infection Once Daily with 10 Milligrams of Adefovir Dipivoxil Combined with Lamivudine
Constance Delaugerre, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Vincent Thibault, Gilles Peytavin, Tony Bombled, Marie-Valérie Bochet, Christine Katlama, Yves Benhamou, Vincent Calvez
Antiviral Agents
Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Amprenavir Coadministered with Grapefruit Juice
D. Demarles, C. Gillotin, S. Bonaventure-Paci, I. Vincent, S. Fosse, A. M. Taburet
Antiviral Agents
Tenofovir Diphosphate Is a Poor Substrate and a Weak Inhibitor of Rat DNA Polymerases α, δ, and ε*
Gabriel Birkuš, Miroslav Hájek, Pavel Kramata, Ivan Votruba, Antonín Holý, Berta Otová

Experimental Therapeutics

Experimental Therapeutics
Efficacies of Fluconazole, Caspofungin, and Amphotericin B in Candida glabrata-Infected p47^phox−/− Knockout Mice
Justina Y. Ju, Cynthia Polhamus, Kieren A. Marr, Steven M. Holland, John E. Bennett
Experimental Therapeutics
Effects of Specific Antibodies against Streptococcus pneumoniae on Pharmacodynamic Parameters of β-Lactams in a Mouse Sepsis Model
J. Casal, L. Aguilar, I. Jado, J. Yuste, M. J. Giménez, J. Prieto, A. Fenoll
Experimental Therapeutics
Pharmacodynamic Activity and Efficacy of Linezolid in a Rat Model of Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Martha J. Gentry-Nielsen, Keith M. Olsen, Laurel C. Preheim
Experimental Therapeutics
In Vitro and In Vivo Activities of Posaconazole against Coccidioides immitis
Gloria M. González, Rolando Tijerina, Laura K. Najvar, Rosie Bocanegra, Michael Rinaldi, David Loebenberg, John R. Graybill
Experimental Therapeutics
In Vitro and In Vivo Antifungal Activities of TAK-456, a Novel Oral Triazole with a Broad Antifungal Spectrum
Noboru Tsuchimori, Ryogo Hayashi, Naomi Kitamoto, Kentaro Asai, Tomoyuki Kitazaki, Yuji Iizawa, Katsumi Itoh, Kenji Okonogi
Experimental Therapeutics
Pharmacodynamic Assessment of Clarithromycin in a Murine Model of Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Pamela R. Tessier, Myo-Kyoung Kim, Wen Zhou, Dawei Xuan, Chonghua Li, Min Ye, Charles H. Nightingale, David P. Nicolau
Experimental Therapeutics
Effects of Metronidazole, Tetracycline, and Bismuth-Metronidazole-Tetracycline Triple Therapy in the Helicobacter pylori SS1 Mouse Model after 1 Day of Dosing: Development of an H. pylori Lead Selection Model
Christine F. Sizemore, Joel D. Quispe, Karen M. Amsler, Todd C. Modzelewski, Jayson J. Merrill, D. Andrew Stevenson, Lorie A. Foster, Andrew M. Slee
Experimental Therapeutics
Comparison of Levofloxacin, Alatrofloxacin, and Vancomycin for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Experimental Foreign-Body-Associated Infection by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Pierre Vaudaux, Patrice Francois, Carmelo Bisognano, Jacques Schrenzel, Daniel P. Lew
Experimental Therapeutics
Comparative Pharmacodynamics of Three Newer Fluoroquinolones versus Six Strains of Staphylococci in an In Vitro Model under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions
David H. Wright, Brent W. Gunderson, Laurie B. Hovde, Gigi H. Ross, Khalid H. Ibrahim, John C. Rotschafer
Experimental Therapeutics
Different Aminoglycoside-Resistant Phenotypes in a Rabbit Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis Infection Model
N. Asseray, J. Caillon, N. Roux, C. Jacqueline, R. Bismuth, M. F. Kergueris, G. Potel, D. Bugnon
Experimental Therapeutics
Design and Antileishmanial Activity of Amphotericin B-Loaded Stable Ionic Amphiphile Biovector Formulations
P. M. Loiseau, L. Imbertie, C. Bories, D. Betbeder, I. De Miguel
Experimental Therapeutics
Gemifloxacin Is Efficacious against Penicillin-Resistant and Quinolone-Resistant Pneumococci in Experimental Meningitis
Philippe Cottagnoud, Fernando Acosta, Marianne Cottagnoud, Martin G. Täuber

Analytical Procedures

Analytical Procedures
Change in Colony Morphology of Candida lusitaniae in Association with Development of Amphotericin B Resistance
Nancy B. McClenny, Haihua Fei, Ellen J. Baron, Ana C. Gales, Allison Houston, Richard J. Hollis, Michael A. Pfaller
Analytical Procedures
In Vitro Plasmodium falciparum Drug Sensitivity Assay: Inhibition of Parasite Growth by Incorporation of Stomatocytogenic Amphiphiles into the Erythrocyte Membrane
Hanne L. Ziegler, Dan Stærk, Jette Christensen, Lars Hviid, Henry Hägerstrand, Jerzy W. Jaroszewski

Pharmacology

Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics of Amino Acid Phosphoramidate Monoesters of Zidovudine in Rats
Heng Song, George W. Griesgraber, Carston R. Wagner, Cheryl L. Zimmerman
Pharmacology
Effect of Telithromycin (HMR 3647) on Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Killing of Staphylococcus aureus in Comparison with Roxithromycin
D. Vazifeh, H. Abdelghaffar, M. T. Labro
Pharmacology
PEPT1-Mediated Cefixime Uptake into Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells Is Increased by Ca²⁺ Channel Blockers
Uwe Wenzel, Sabine Kuntz, Simone Diestel, Hannelore Daniel
Pharmacology
Nonparametric Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Amikacin in Neonates, Infants, and Children
J. M. Tréluyer, Y. Merlé, S. Tonnelier, E. Rey, G. Pons
Pharmacology
Intrapulmonary Pharmacokinetics of Linezolid
John E. Conte, Jeffrey A. Golden, Juliana Kipps, Elisabeth Zurlinden
Pharmacology
Shiga-Like Toxin II Derived from Escherichia coli O157:H7 Modifies Renal Handling of Levofloxacin in Rats
Ying Lan Zhao, Xiao Bo Cen, Masafumi Ito, Keiko Yokoyama, Kenji Takagi, Kiyoyuki Kitaichi, Masayuki Nadai, Michio Ohta, Kenzo Takagi, Takaaki Hasegawa
Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Anuric Intensive Care Patients during Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis
Silke C. Mueller, Jolanta Majcher-Peszynska, Heiko Hickstein, Astrid Francke, Annette Pertschy, Martin Schulz, Ralf Mundkowski, Bernd Drewelow
Pharmacology
Distribution of Azithromycin in Plasma and Tonsil Tissue after Repeated Oral Administration of 10 or 20 Milligrams per Kilogram in Pediatric Patients
Corrado Blandizzi, Tecla Malizia, Giovanna Batoni, Emilia Ghelardi, Fabio Baschiera, Paolo Bruschini, Sonia Senesi, Mario Campa, Mario Del Tacca
Pharmacology
Interaction between Grapefruit Juice and Praziquantel in Humans
Nelly Castro, Helgi Jung, Roberto Medina, Dinora González-Esquivel, Mario Lopez, Julio Sotelo

Mechanisms of Action

Mechanisms of Action: Physiological Effects
Interactions between Biocide Cationic Agents and Bacterial Biofilms
C. Campanac, L. Pineau, A. Payard, G. Baziard-Mouysset, C. Roques
Mechanisms of Action: Physiological Effects
Crystal Structure of (−)-Mefloquine Hydrochloride Reveals Consistency of Configuration with Biological Activity
Jean M. Karle, Isabella L. Karle
MECHANISMS OF ACTION: PHYSIOLOGY EFFECTS
Lack of Interaction of Fluoroquinolones with Lipopolysaccharides
B. Lindner, A. Wiese, K. Brandenburg, U. Seydel, A. Dalhoff

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Table of Contents

Minireviews

Chemistry; Biosynthesis

Mechanisms of Resistance

Susceptibility

Antiviral Agents

Experimental Therapeutics

Analytical Procedures

Pharmacology

Mechanisms of Action

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