DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02409-16
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Tables
- TABLE 1
Cumulative frequency distributions of cefepime and cefepime-tazobactam (with tazobactam at fixed concentration of 8 μg/ml) MIC results when tested against bacterial isolatesa
Organism (no. of isolates) and antimicrobial No. of organisms (cumulative % inhibited) at MIC (μg/ml) of: ≤0.03 0.06 0.12 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 >64 Enterobacteriaceae (6,219) Cefepime 2,625 (42.2) 1,469 (65.8) 519 (74.2) 244 (78.1) 155 (80.6) 93 (82.1) 122 (84.0) 92 (85.5) 147 (87.9) 151 (90.3) 131 (92.4) 166 (95.1) 305 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 3,175 (51.1) 1,585 (76.5) 596 (86.1) 304 (91.0) 141 (93.3) 84 (94.6) 68 (95.7) 40 (96.4) 36 (96.9) 42 (97.6) 26 (98.0) 54 (98.9) 68 (100.0) E. coli (2,211) Cefepime 1,000 (45.2) 535 (69.4) 162 (76.8) 48 (78.9) 38 (80.6) 20 (81.5) 44 (83.5) 37 (85.2) 67 (88.2) 65 (91.2) 52 (93.5) 58 (96.2) 85 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 1,290 (58.3) 551 (83.3) 207 (92.6) 93 (96.8) 27 (98.1) 10 (98.5) 14 (99.1) 7 (99.5) 6 (99.7) 3 (99.9) 1 (99.9) 0 (>99.9) 2 (100.0) E. coli with ESBL phenotype (471) Cefepime 5 (1.1) 14 (4.0) 18 (7.9) 10 (10.0) 18 (13.8) 12 (16.3) 33 (23.4) 35 (30.8) 66 (44.8) 65 (58.6) 52 (69.6) 58 (82.0) 85 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 87 (18.5) 148 (49.9) 112 (73.7) 65 (87.5) 22 (92.1) 5 (93.2) 14 (96.2) 6 (97.5) 6 (98.7) 3 (99.4) 1 (99.6) 0 (99.6) 2 (100.0) Klebsiella spp. (2,138) Cefepime 981 (45.9) 343 (61.9) 113 (67.2) 60 (70.0) 39 (71.8) 32 (73.3) 31 (74.8) 27 (76.1) 61 (78.9) 73 (82.3) 72 (85.7) 97 (90.2) 209 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 1,139 (53.3) 410 (72.5) 142 (79.1) 87 (83.2) 58 (85.9) 40 (87.7) 34 (89.3) 29 (90.7) 25 (91.9) 36 (93.5) 22 (94.6) 52 (97.0) 64 (100.0) Klebsiella spp. with ESBL phenotype (661) Cefepime 2 (0.3) 7 (1.4) 12 (3.2) 16 (5.6) 26 (9.5) 28 (13.8) 31 (18.5) 27 (22.5) 61 (31.8) 73 (42.8) 72 (53.7) 97 (68.4) 209 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 103 (15.6) 103 (31.2) 58 (39.9) 53 (48.0) 46 (54.9) 36 (60.4) 34 (65.5) 29 (69.9) 25 (73.7) 36 (79.1) 22 (82.5) 52 (90.3) 64 (100.0) K. pneumoniae (1,788) Cefepime 747 (41.8) 293 (58.2) 96 (63.5) 50 (66.3) 32 (68.1) 23 (69.4) 23 (70.7) 23 (72.0) 57 (75.2) 70 (79.1) 70 (83.0) 95 (88.3) 209 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 879 (49.2) 372 (70.0) 129 (77.2) 78 (81.5) 51 (84.4) 31 (86.1) 28 (87.7) 26 (89.1) 21 (90.3) 36 (92.3) 21 (93.5) 52 (96.4) 64 (100.0) K. pneumoniae with ESBL phenotype (602) Cefepime 1 (0.2) 3 (0.7) 5 (1.5) 8 (2.8) 19 (6.0) 19 (9.1) 23 (13.0) 23 (16.8) 57 (26.2) 70 (37.9) 70 (49.5) 95 (65.3) 209 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 92 (15.3) 96 (31.2) 53 (40.0) 47 (47.8) 39 (54.3) 27 (58.8) 28 (63.5) 26 (67.8) 21 (71.3) 36 (77.2) 21 (80.7) 52 (89.4) 64 (100.0) MEM-nonsusceptible K. pneumoniae (183) Cefepime 1 (0.5) 6 (3.8) 6 (7.1) 17 (16.4) 33 (34.4) 120 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 6 (3.3) 10 (8.7) 12 (15.3) 32 (32.8) 16 (41.5) 49 (68.3) 58 (100.0) Klebsiella oxytoca (345) Cefepime 230 (66.7) 50 (81.2) 16 (85.8) 10 (88.7) 7 (90.7) 9 (93.3) 8 (95.7) 4 (96.8) 4 (98.0) 3 (98.8) 2 (99.4) 2 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 256 (74.2) 38 (85.2) 12 (88.7) 9 (91.3) 7 (93.3) 9 (95.9) 6 (97.7) 3 (98.6) 4 (99.7) 0 (99.7) 1 (100.0) Klebsiella oxytoca with ESBL phenotype (59) Cefepime 1 (1.7) 4 (8.5) 7 (20.3) 8 (33.9) 7 (45.8) 9 (61.0) 8 (74.6) 4 (81.4) 4 (88.1) 3 (93.2) 2 (96.6) 2 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 11 (18.6) 7 (30.5) 5 (39.0) 6 (49.2) 7 (61.0) 9 (76.3) 6 (86.4) 3 (91.5) 4 (98.3) 0 (98.3) 1 (100.0) P. mirabilis (228) Cefepime 27 (11.8) 144 (75.0) 32 (89.0) 8 (92.5) 1 (93.0) 7 (96.1) 1 (96.5) 1 (96.9) 3 (98.2) 0 (98.2) 0 (98.2) 1 (98.7) 3 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 39 (17.1) 155 (85.1) 29 (97.8) 4 (99.6) 1 (100.0) P. mirabilis with ESBL phenotype (19) Cefepime 2 (10.5) 1 (15.8) 7 (52.6) 1 (57.9) 1 (63.2) 3 (78.9) 0 (78.9) 0 (78.9) 1 (84.2) 3 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 4 (21.1) 10 (73.7) 4 (94.7) 1 (100.0) Enterobacter spp. (629) Cefepime 208 (33.1) 151 (57.1) 78 (69.5) 55 (78.2) 39 (84.4) 15 (86.8) 30 (91.6) 19 (94.6) 11 (96.3) 9 (97.8) 4 (98.4) 5 (99.2) 5 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 233 (37.0) 151 (61.0) 92 (75.7) 63 (85.7) 38 (91.7) 25 (95.7) 13 (97.8) 4 (98.4) 3 (98.9) 3 (99.4) 2 (99.7) 1 (99.8) 1 (100.0) CAZ-nonsusceptible Enterobacter spp. (179) Cefepime 4 (2.2) 17 (11.7) 33 (30.2) 31 (47.5) 15 (55.9) 28 (71.5) 18 (81.6) 10 (87.2) 9 (92.2) 4 (94.4) 5 (97.2) 5 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 1 (0.6) 11 (6.7) 41 (29.6) 45 (54.7) 32 (72.6) 23 (85.5) 12 (92.2) 4 (94.4) 3 (96.1) 3 (97.8) 2 (98.9) 1 (99.4) 1 (100.0) Morganella morganii (165) Cefepime 104 (63.0) 47 (91.5) 6 (95.2) 4 (97.6) 1 (98.2) 0 (98.2) 1 (98.8) 2 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 129 (78.2) 30 (96.4) 3 (98.2) 3 (100.0) Citrobacter spp. (311) Cefepime 197 (63.3) 45 (77.8) 12 (81.7) 14 (86.2) 15 (91.0) 10 (94.2) 6 (96.1) 4 (97.4) 1 (97.7) 1 (98.1) 2 (98.7) 3 (99.7) 1 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 200 (64.3) 57 (82.6) 18 (88.4) 19 (94.5) 7 (96.8) 5 (98.4) 3 (99.4) 0 (99.4) 1 (99.7) 0 (99.7) 0 (99.7) 1 (100.0) Serratia marcescens (245) Cefepime 8 (3.3) 98 (43.3) 81 (76.3) 31 (89.0) 11 (93.5) 4 (95.1) 4 (96.7) 1 (97.1) 3 (98.4) 2 (99.2) 0 (99.2) 1 (99.6) 1 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 8 (3.3) 116 (50.6) 72 (80.0) 33 (93.5) 10 (97.6) 2 (98.4) 3 (99.6) 0 (99.6) 1 (100.0) Proteus vulgaris (144) Cefepime 11 (7.6) 76 (60.4) 31 (81.9) 15 (92.4) 6 (96.5) 1 (97.2) 3 (99.3) 1 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 32 (22.2) 84 (80.6) 26 (98.6) 2 (100.0) Providencia spp. (148) Cefepime 89 (60.1) 30 (80.4) 4 (83.1) 9 (89.2) 5 (92.6) 4 (95.3) 2 (96.6) 0 (96.6) 1 (97.3) 1 (98.0) 1 (98.6) 1 (99.3) 1 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 105 (70.9) 31 (91.9) 7 (96.6) 0 (96.6) 0 (96.6) 2 (98.0) 1 (98.6) 0 (98.6) 0 (98.6) 0 (98.6) 1 (99.3) 0 (99.3) 1 (100.0) P. aeruginosa (1,171) Cefepime 4 (0.3) 4 (0.7) 36 (3.8) 136 (15.4) 414 (50.7) 184 (66.4) 169 (80.9) 110 (90.3) 63 (95.6) 24 (97.7) 27 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 1 (0.1) 5 (0.5) 6 (1.0) 17 (2.5) 171 (17.1) 404 (51.6) 184 (67.3) 177 (82.4) 108 (91.6) 61 (96.8) 15 (98.1) 22 (100.0) CAZ-nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa (252) Cefepime 1 (0.4) 3 (1.6) 17 (8.3) 40 (24.2) 79 (55.6) 61 (79.8) 24 (89.3) 27 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 2 (0.8) 4 (2.4) 24 (11.9) 45 (29.8) 82 (62.3) 58 (85.3) 15 (91.3) 22 (100.0) MEM-nonsusceptible P. aeruginosa (244) Cefepime 1 (0.4) 15 (6.6) 23 (16.0) 52 (37.3) 62 (62.7) 45 (81.1) 20 (89.3) 26 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 4 (1.6) 13 (7.0) 26 (17.6) 56 (40.6) 65 (67.2) 46 (86.1) 14 (91.8) 20 (100.0) A. baumannii (591) Cefepime 1 (0.2) 5 (1.0) 8 (2.4) 42 (9.5) 54 (18.6) 25 (22.8) 21 (26.4) 42 (33.5) 105 (51.3) 288 (100.0) Cefepime-tazobactam 53 (9.0) 17 (11.8) 11 (13.7) 14 (16.1) 9 (17.6) 15 (20.1) 18 (23.2) 8 (24.5) 9 (26.1) 31 (31.3) 55 (40.6) 90 (55.8) 261 (100.0) ↵a Tazobactam was used at a fixed concentration of 8 μg/ml, and the results are for 7,981 bacterial isolates from all geographic regions combined. Values in bold indicate MIC50s and MIC90s. Abbreviations: ESBL phenotype, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-screen-positive phenotype, defined as an MIC of ≥2 μg/ml for ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and/or aztreonam; CAZ nonsusceptible, ceftazidime nonsusceptible (MICs, ≥8 μg/ml for Enterobacteriaceae and ≥16 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa); MEM nonsusceptible, meropenem nonsusceptible (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml for Enterobacteriaceae and ≥4 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa) (7).
- TABLE 2
Activity of cefepime-tazobactam combination and comparator agents tested against bacterial isolates collected worldwide in 2014
Organism and antimicrobial agent MIC50 (μg/ml) MIC90 (μg/ml) % susceptible by use of CLSI/EUCAST breakpoint criteriaa (no. of isolates) United States Europe Latin America APACd China All regions Enterobacteriaceae (2,466) (2,351) (466) (693) (243) (6,219) Cefepime-tazobactam (tazobactam at fixed 8 μg/ml) ≤0.03 0.25 98.3/97.6b 95.8/94.3b 94.4/91.4b 98.7/97.8b 93.8/92.6b 96.9/95.7b Cefepime-tazobactam (tazobactam at fixed 4 μg/ml) 0.06 0.5 98.1/97.1b 94.7/93.2b 92.9/90.3b 98.1/96.5b 93.4/91.8b 96.2/94.9b Cefepime 0.06 16 92.2/90.4 81.1/79.2 64.8/63.3 86.3/83.8 60.5/56.4 84.0/82.1 Ceftazidime 0.25 >16 88.9/86.4 78.4/74.6 65.9/60.3 82.5/78.2 68.7/58.8 81.7/78.0 Ceftriaxone ≤0.06 >8 84.5/84.5 72.1/72.1 58.4/58.4 77.3/77.3 49.0/49.0 75.7/78.0 Piperacillin-tazobactam 2 32 92.0/88.9 84.2/79.5 82.6/78.8 89.2/85.0 84.6/79.3 87.7/83.8 Meropenem 0.03 0.06 97.9/98.2 95.5/95.9 94.8/95.5 98.6/98.7 94.2/94.2 96.7/97.0 Levofloxacin ≤0.12 >8 84.4/83.1 78.0/75.9 63.5/62.7 82.7/81.1 63.2/61.2 79.4/77.8 Gentamicin ≤1 4 90.1/88.4 85.3/84.1 72.7/71.9 84.6/84.3 63.0/62.6 85.3/84.1 P. aeruginosa (390) (391) (109) (197) (84) (1,171) Cefepime-tazobactam (tazobactam at fixed 8 μg/ml) 2 16 85.9c 79.8c 79.8c 85.8c 73.8c 82.4b Cefepime-tazobactam (tazobactam at fixed 4 μg/ml) 2 16 86.2c 78.5c 78.9c 85.8c 73.8c 82.0b Cefepime 2 16 84.4/84.4 78.3/78.3 77.1/77.1 84.8/84.8 72.6/72.6 80.9/80.9 Ceftazidime 2 >16 87.2/87.2 73.1/73.1 70.6/70.6 79.7/79.7 70.2/70.2 78.5/78.5 Piperacillin-tazobactam 4 >64 86.2/86.2 74.7/74.7 76.1/76.1 81.7/81.7 66.7/66.7 79.2/79.2 Meropenem 0.5 8 85.6/85.6 73.9/73.9 75.2/75.2 83.2/53.2 69.0/69.0 79.2/79.2 Levofloxacin 0.5 >4 79.0/67.7 71.1/63.7 67.0/59.6 80.7/72.6 76.2/67.9 75.3/66.4 Amikacin 2 8 97.2/92.8 91.0/86.7 90.8/89.9 94.4/91.9 91.7/88.1 93.7/90.0 Acinetobacter spp. (152) (184) (72) (93) (90) (591) Cefepime-tazobactam (tazobactam at fixed 8 μg/ml) 64 >64 53.9c 18.5c 9.7c 18.3c 15.6c 26.1b Cefepime-tazobactam (tazobactam at fixed 4 μg/ml) 64 >64 53.3c 17.4c 8.3c 18.3c 15.6c 25.9b Cefepime 64 >64 46.7/— 16.3/— 6.9/— 17.2/— 14.4/— 22.8/— Ceftazidime >32 >32 54.6/— 17.4/— 9.7/— 19.4/— 14.4/— 25.9/— Piperacillin-tazobactam >64 >64 53.9/— 19.6/— 6.9/— 17.2/— 12.4/— 25.4/— Ampicillin-sulbactam 32 >32 63.6/— 24.5/— 18.1/— 16.1/— 15.6/— 31.0/— Meropenem >32 >32 56.6/56.6 26.1/26.1 11.1/11.1 17.2/17.2 16.7/16.7 29.3/— Levofloxacin >4 >4 53.3/52.6 18.5/17.4 11.1/11.1 18.3/18.3 15.6/15.6 26.1/25.4 Amikacin >32 >32 78.1/74.8 28.8/26.6 13.9/12.5 30.1/26.9 21.1/18.9 38.6/36.1 ↵a Unless indicated otherwise, the data are based on the criteria published by CLSI (7) and EUCAST (12). For cefepime-tazobactam, only CLSI criteria were applied. — indicates that breakpoints have not been established.
↵b Percentage inhibited by ≤8 μg/ml cefepime/≤2 μg/ml cefepime, according to the CLSI breakpoint criteria for cefepime susceptibility for high and low dosages (2 g every 8 h and 1 g every 12 h, respectively), as published in CLSI document M100-S26 (7).
↵c Percentage inhibited at ≤8 μg/ml, according to the CLSI breakpoint for cefepime susceptibility published by the CLSI (7) and EUCAST (12) (P. aeruginosa only).
↵d APAC, Asia-Pacific region excluding China.
- TABLE 3
Summary of activity of cefepime-tazobactam with tazobactam at fixed 8 μg/ml stratified by geographic region
Organisms (no. of isolates for all regions combined)b MIC50/MIC90 (μg/ml) of cefepime-tazobactam with tazobactam at fixed 8 μg/ml (% isolates inhibited at ≤8 µg/ml)a United States Europe Latin America APACb China All regions Enterobacteriaceae (6,219) ≤0.03/0.25 (98.3) ≤0.03/0.5 (95.8) 0.06/1 (94.4) ≤0.03/0.25 (98.7) 0.06/0.5 (93.8) ≤0.03/0.25 (96.9) E. coli (2,211) ≤0.03/0.12 (99.9) ≤0.03/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.25 (100.0) ≤0.03/0.06 (99.7) 0.06/0.25 (96.2) ≤0.03/0.12 (99.7) ESBL phenotype (471) 0.12/0.25 (99.0) 0.12/1 (100.0) 0.12/0.25 (100.0) 0.06/0.25 (98.4) 0.06/0.25 (94.2) 0.12/0.5 (98.7) Klebsiella spp. (2,138) ≤0.03/0.25 (95.9) 0.06/32 (87.4) 0.06/64 (85.0) ≤0.03/0.25 (96.5) 0.06/64 (86.1) ≤00.03/4 (91.9) ESBL phenotype (661) 0.5/32 (78.8) 0.5/>64 (71.8) 1/>64 (72.2) 0.12/64 (87.9) 0.12/64 (66.7) 0.5/64 (73.7) K. pneumoniae (1,788) ≤0.03/0.25 (94.9) 0.06/64 (85.0) 0.06/64 (83.3) ≤0.03/0.5 (96.2) 0.06/64 (85.1) 0.06/8 (90.3) MEM-non-susceptible (183) 16/>64 (20.0) 64/>64 (14.6) 64/>64 (20.8) >64/— (0.0) 64/>64 (0.0) 64/>64 (15.3) Klebsiella oxytoca (345) ≤0.03/0.12 (100.0) ≤0.03/1 (99.2) ≤0.03/1 (100.0) ≤0.03/0.12 (100.0) ≤0.03/— (100.0) ≤0.03/0.25 (99.7) ESBL-phenotype (59) 0.5/4 (100.0) 1/8 (96.4) 1/— (100.0) 0.12/— (100.0) 0.5/4 (98.3) P. mirabilis (228) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.06 (100.0) 0.06/— (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) ESBL phenotype (19) 0.12/— (100.0) 0.12/0.25 (100.0) 0.25 (100.0) 0.06/— (100.0) 0.12/0.25 (100.0) Enterobacter spp. (629) 0.06/0.25 (99.2) 0.06/0.5 (98.7) 0.06/1 (98.2) 0.06/1 (100.0) 0.06/1 (97.4) 0.06/0.5 (98.9) CAZ nonsusceptible (179) 0.25/2 (96.2) 0.25/2 (95.5) 0.25/2 (95.2) 0.25/2 (100.0) 0.25/8 (93.3) 0.25/2 (96.1) Morganella morganii (165) ≤0.03/0.06 (100.0) ≤0.03/0.06 (100.0) ≤0.03/— (100.0) ≤0.03/≤0.03 (100.0) ≤0.03/— (100.0) ≤0.03/0.06 (100.0) Citrobacter spp. (311) ≤0.03/0.12 (100.0) ≤0.03/0.25 (99.2) 0.06/— (100.0) ≤0.03/0.25 (100.0) 0.12/— (100.0) ≤0.03/0.25 (99.7) Serratia marcescens (245) 0.06/0.25 (100.0) 0.06/0.25 (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.25 (100.0) 0.06/0.25 (100.0) Proteus vulgaris (144) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) ≤0.03/— (100.0) 0.06/— (100.0) 0.06/— (100.0) 0.06/0.12 (100.0) Providencia spp. (148) ≤0.03/0.12 (98.9) ≤0.03/0.06 (98.1) ≤0.03/— (100.0) ≤0.03/— (100.0) ≤0.03/0.06 (98.6) P. aeruginosa (1,171) 2/16 (85.9) 4/16 (79.8) 4/32 (79.8) 2/16 (85.8) 4/32 (73.8) 2/16 (82.4) CAZ nonsusceptible (252) 16/64 (22.0) 16/32 (31.4) 16/>64 (37.5) 16/>64 (35.0) 32/>64 (20.0) 16/64 (29.8) MEM nonsusceptible (244) 16/64 (37.5) 16/32 (42.2) 16/>64 (44.4) 16/>64 (39.4) 32/>64 (15.6) 16/64 (40.6) A. baumannii (591) 4/>64 (53.9) 64/>64 (18.5) >64/>64 (9.7) >64/>64 (18.3) >64/>64 (15.6) 64/>64 (26.1) ↵a According to the breakpoint for cefepime susceptibility for a high dosage (2 g every 8 h) published in CLSI document M100-S26 (7). —, there were too few isolates (<10) with which to calculate the MIC90.
↵b Abbreviations: APAC, Asia-Pacific region excluding China; ESBL phenotype, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-screen-positive phenotype, defined as an MIC of ≥2 μg/ml for ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and/or aztreonam; CAZ nonsusceptible, ceftazidime nonsusceptible (MICs, ≥8 μg/ml for Enterobacteriaceae and ≥16 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa); MEM nonsusceptible, meropenem nonsusceptible (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml for Enterobacteriaceae and ≥4 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa) (7).
- TABLE 4
Regional occurrence of resistance phenotypesa
Geographic region % of isolates ESBL phenotype MEM-NS CAZ-NS E. coli K. pneumoniae K. oxytoca P. mirabilis K. pneumoniae P. aeruginosa Enterobacter spp. P. aeruginosa United States 14.4 16.2 12.9 1.1 6.0 26.1 22.2 26.9 Europe 19.3 49.3 22.6 14.9 15.7 14.4 28.9 12.8 Latin American 37.4 58.0 18.8 13.3 16.0 24.8 39.3 29.4 APAC 18.8 29.3 22.7 0.0 3.8 16.8 33.8 20.3 China 66.3 44.8 0.0 20.0 14.9 31.0 39.5 29.8 All regions combined 21.3 33.7 17.1 8.3 10.2 20.8 28.5 21.5 ↵a Abbreviations: ESBL phenotype, extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-screen-positive phenotype, defined as an MIC of ≥2 μg/ml for ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and/or aztreonam (20); MEM-NS, meropenem nonsusceptible (MICs, ≥2 μg/ml for K. pneumoniae and ≥4 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa) (7); CAZ-NS, ceftazidime nonsusceptible (MICs, ≥8 μg/ml for Enterobacter spp. and ≥16 μg/ml for P. aeruginosa) (7); APAC, Asia-West Pacific region excluding China.
