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Experimental Therapeutics

Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159

Kyung R. Min, Adriana Galvis, Brandon Williams, Ramanjaneyulu Rayala, Predrag Cudic, Dragana Ajdic
Kyung R. Min
aDepartment of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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Adriana Galvis
aDepartment of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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Brandon Williams
bDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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Ramanjaneyulu Rayala
bDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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Predrag Cudic
bDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida, USA
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Dragana Ajdic
aDepartment of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17
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ABSTRACT

Despite continuous efforts to control cariogenic dental biofilms, very few effective antimicrobial treatments exist. In this study, we characterized the activity of the novel synthetic cyclic lipopeptide 4 (CLP-4), derived from fusaricidin, against the cariogenic pathogen Streptococcus mutans UA159. We determined CLP-4's MIC, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and spontaneous resistance frequency, and we performed time-kill assays. Additionally, we assessed CLP-4's potential to inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate preformed biofilms. Our results demonstrate that CLP-4 has strong antibacterial activity in vitro and is a potent bactericidal agent with low spontaneous resistance frequency. At a low concentration of 5 μg/ml, CLP-4 completely inhibited S. mutans UA159 biofilm formation, and at 50 μg/ml, it reduced the viability of established biofilms by >99.99%. We also assessed CLP-4's cytotoxicity and stability against proteolytic digestion. CLP-4 withstood trypsin or chymotrypsin digestion even after treatment for 24 h, and our toxicity studies showed that CLP-4 effective concentrations had negligible effects on hemolysis and the viability of human oral fibroblasts. In summary, our findings showed that CLP-4 is a potent antibacterial and antibiofilm agent with remarkable stability and low nonspecific cytotoxicity. Hence, CLP-4 is a promising novel antimicrobial peptide with potential for clinical application in the prevention and treatment of dental caries.

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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159
Kyung R. Min, Adriana Galvis, Brandon Williams, Ramanjaneyulu Rayala, Predrag Cudic, Dragana Ajdic
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jul 2017, 61 (8) e00776-17; DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17

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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159
Kyung R. Min, Adriana Galvis, Brandon Williams, Ramanjaneyulu Rayala, Predrag Cudic, Dragana Ajdic
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Jul 2017, 61 (8) e00776-17; DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17
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KEYWORDS

Anti-Bacterial Agents
biofilms
dental caries
dental plaque
lipopeptides
Peptides, Cyclic
Streptococcus mutans
Streptococcus mutans
antimicrobial peptide
cyclic lipopeptide
dental biofilms
dental plaque

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