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antimicrobial resistance

  • Interplay among Different Fosfomycin Resistance Mechanisms in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span>
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Interplay among Different Fosfomycin Resistance Mechanisms in Klebsiella pneumoniae

    The objectives of this study were to characterize the role of the uhpT, glpT, and fosA genes in fosfomycin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and evaluate the use of sodium phosphonoformate (PPF) in combination with fosfomycin. Seven clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae and...

    M. Ortiz-Padilla, I. Portillo-Calderón, B. de Gregorio-Iaria, J. Blázquez, J. Rodríguez-Baño, A. Pascual, J. M. Rodríguez-Martínez, F. Docobo-Pérez
  • BKC-2, a New BKC Variant Detected in MCR-9.1-Producing <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterobacter hormaechei</span> subsp. <em>xiangfangensis</em>
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    BKC-2, a New BKC Variant Detected in MCR-9.1-Producing Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis

    We characterized a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacter spp. isolate highlighting the genetic aspects of the antimicrobial resistance genes. An Enterobacter spp. isolate (Ec61) was recovered in 2014 from a transtracheal aspirate sample from a patient admitted to a Brazilian tertiary hospital and submitted to further microbiological and genomic characterization.

    Willames M. B. S. Martins, Evelin R. Martins, Letícia K. de Andrade, Refath Farzana, Timothy R. Walsh, Mark A. Toleman, Mara C. L. Nogueira, Ana C. Gales
  • <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Burkholderia pseudomallei</span> Clinical Isolates Are Highly Susceptible <em>In Vitro</em> to Cefiderocol, a Siderophore Cephalosporin
    Susceptibility
    Burkholderia pseudomallei Clinical Isolates Are Highly Susceptible In Vitro to Cefiderocol, a Siderophore Cephalosporin

    Cefiderocol is a cephalosporin designed to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections. By forming a chelated complex with ferric iron, cefiderocol is transported into the periplasmic space via bacterial iron transport systems and primarily binds to penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) to inhibit peptidoglycan synthesis. This mode of action results in cefiderocol having greater in vitro activity against many Gram-negative...

    Delaney Burnard, Gemma Robertson, Andrew Henderson, Caitlin Falconer, Michelle J. Bauer, Kyra Cottrell, Ian Gassiep, Robert Norton, David L. Paterson, Patrick N. A. Harris
  • Open Access
    Structural Investigations of the Inhibition of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> AmpC β-Lactamase by Diazabicyclooctanes
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Structural Investigations of the Inhibition of Escherichia coli AmpC β-Lactamase by Diazabicyclooctanes

    β-Lactam antibiotics are presently the most important treatments for infections by pathogenic Escherichia coli, but their use is increasingly compromised by β-lactamases, including the chromosomally encoded class C AmpC serine-β-lactamases (SBLs). The diazabicyclooctane (DBO) avibactam is a potent AmpC inhibitor; the clinical success of avibactam combined with...

    Pauline A. Lang, Thomas M. Leissing, Malcolm G. P. Page, Christopher J. Schofield, Jürgen Brem
  • Characterization of a Plasmid-Encoded Resistance-Nodulation-Division Efflux Pump in <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> and <em>Klebsiella quasipneumoniae</em> from Patients in China
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Characterization of a Plasmid-Encoded Resistance-Nodulation-Division Efflux Pump in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae from Patients in China

    Two multidrug-resistant (MDR) mcr-1-harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from patients with urinary tract infections and one MDR Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolate from a patient with bloodstream infection were identified to carry tmexCD1-toprJ1. The addition of the efflux pump...

    Ruowen He, Yongqiang Yang, Yiping Wu, Lan-Lan Zhong, Yanxian Yang, Guanping Chen, Mingyang Qin, Xiaoxue Liang, Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed, Minmin Lin, Bin Yan, Yong Xia, Min Dai, Hongtao Chen, Guo-Bao Tian
  • Matched Case-Control Study of the Long-Term Impact of Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Allergy Testing
    Clinical Therapeutics
    Matched Case-Control Study of the Long-Term Impact of Beta-Lactam Antibiotic Allergy Testing

    Whereas the short-term impacts of antibiotic allergy testing on delabeling and antibiotic usage have been demonstrated, the long-term impacts have been less well defined. In a single-center matched case-control study from Melbourne, Australia, we demonstrate that a beta-lactam antibiotic allergy testing program has a significant impact on antibiotic usage and infection-related outcomes. This study supports implementation of an...

    Jason A. Trubiano, Nada Marhoon, Sara Vogrin, Kyra Y. L. Chua, Natasha E. Holmes
  • Open Access
    <em>In Vitro</em> Activity of Cefiderocol, a Siderophore Cephalosporin, against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria
    Susceptibility
    In Vitro Activity of Cefiderocol, a Siderophore Cephalosporin, against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria

    Cefiderocol is a parenteral siderophore cephalosporin with a catechol-containing 3′ substituent. We evaluated its MICs against Gram-negative bacteria, using iron-depleted Mueller-Hinton broth. The panel comprised 305 isolates of Enterobacterales, 111 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 99 of ...

    Shazad Mushtaq, Zahra Sadouki, Anna Vickers, David M. Livermore, Neil Woodford
  • Open Access
    The Class A Carbapenemases BKC-1 and GPC-1 Both Originate from the Bacterial Genus <em>Shinella</em>
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    The Class A Carbapenemases BKC-1 and GPC-1 Both Originate from the Bacterial Genus Shinella

    Comparative genomics identified the environmental bacterial genus Shinella as the most likely origin of the class A carbapenemases BKC-1 and GPC-1. Available sequences and PCR analyses of additional Shinella species revealed homologous β-lactamases showing up to 85.4% and 93.3% amino acid identity to both enzymes, respectively. The genes conferred resistance to β-lactams once expressed in...

    Nicolas Kieffer, Stefan Ebmeyer, D. G. Joakim Larsson
  • A Choline-Recognizing Monomeric Lysin, ClyJ-3m, Shows Elevated Activity against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Streptococcus pneumoniae</span>
    Experimental Therapeutics
    A Choline-Recognizing Monomeric Lysin, ClyJ-3m, Shows Elevated Activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae

    Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading pathogen for bacterial pneumonia, which can be treated with bacteriophage lysins harboring a conserved choline binding module (CBM). Such lysins regularly function as choline-recognizing dimers. Previously, we reported a pneumococcus-specific lysin ClyJ comprising the binding domain from the putative endolysin gp20 from the ...

    Dehua Luo, Li Huang, Vijay Singh Gondil, Wanli Zhou, Wan Yang, Minghui Jia, Shencai Hu, Jin He, Hang Yang, Hongping Wei
  • Antimicrobial Resistance of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Neisseria gonorrhoeae</span> Isolates from High-Risk Men in Johannesburg, South Africa
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Antimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from High-Risk Men in Johannesburg, South Africa

    Neisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial drug resistance has emerged worldwide; however, the situation in sub-Saharan Africa is not well documented. We investigated the molecular epidemiology and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in two core transmission groups of...

    Liteboho D. Maduna, Marleen M. Kock, Brian M. J. W. van der Veer, Oscar Radebe, James McIntyre, Lieke B. van Alphen, Remco P. H. Peters

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