antiviral agents
Antiviral AgentsNucleoside Analogs with Selective Antiviral Activity against Dengue Fever and Japanese Encephalitis VirusesDengue virus (DENV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) are important arthropod-borne viruses from the Flaviviridae family. DENV is a global public health problem with significant social and economic impacts, especially in tropical and subtropical areas.
Antiviral AgentsSrc Family Kinase Inhibitors Block Translation of Alphavirus Subgenomic mRNAsAlphaviruses are arthropod-transmitted RNA viruses that can cause arthralgia, myalgia, and encephalitis in humans. Since the role of cellular kinases in alphavirus replication is unknown, we profiled kinetic changes in host kinase abundance and phosphorylation following chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection of fibroblasts.
Antiviral AgentsViral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitor 7-Deaza-2′-C-Methyladenosine Prevents Death in a Mouse Model of West Nile Virus Infection...West Nile virus (WNV) is a medically important emerging arbovirus causing serious neuroinfections in humans and against which no approved antiviral therapy is currently available. In this study, we demonstrate that 2′-C-methyl- or 4′-azido-modified nucleosides are highly effective inhibitors of WNV replication, showing nanomolar or low micromolar anti-WNV activity and negligible cytotoxicity in cell culture.
Antiviral AgentsCidofovir Diphosphate Inhibits Adenovirus 5 DNA Polymerase via both Nonobligate Chain Termination and Direct Inhibition, and Polymerase Mutations Confer Cidofovir Resistance on Intact VirusHuman adenovirus (AdV) can cause fatal disease in immune-suppressed individuals, but treatment options are limited, in part because the antiviral cytidine analog cidofovir (CDV) is nephrotoxic. The investigational agent brincidofovir (BCV) is orally bioavailable, nonnephrotoxic, and generates the same active metabolite, cidofovir diphosphate (CDVpp).
Antiviral AgentsIdentification of Retinoic Acid Receptor Agonists as Potent Hepatitis B Virus Inhibitors via a Drug Repurposing ScreenCurrently available therapies for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can efficiently reduce viremia but induce hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss in very few patients; also, these therapies do not greatly affect the viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). To discover new agents with complementary anti-HBV effects, we performed a drug repurposing screen of 1,018 Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compounds...
Antiviral AgentsDevelopment and Validation of a Phenotypic High-Content Imaging Assay for Assessing the Antiviral Activity of Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Zika VirusZika virus (ZIKV) has been linked to the development of microcephaly in newborns, as well as Guillain-Barré syndrome. There are currently no drugs available to treat ZIKV infection, and accordingly, there is an unmet medical need for the discovery of new therapies.
Antiviral AgentsNo Resistance to Tenofovir Alafenamide Detected through 96 Weeks of Treatment in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B InfectionTenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has shown equivalent efficacy and improved safety profiles for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). However, limited data are available for its resistance profiles.
- Antiviral AgentsNucleotide Prodrug Containing a Nonproteinogenic Amino Acid To Improve Oral Delivery of a Hepatitis C Virus Treatment
Delivery of pharmacologically active nucleoside triphosphate analogs to sites of viral infection is challenging. In prior work we identified a 2′-C-methyl-1′-cyano-7-deaza-adenosine C-nucleotide analog with desirable selectivity and potency for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
- Antiviral AgentsOrally Efficacious Broad-Spectrum Ribonucleoside Analog Inhibitor of Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses
Morbidity and mortality resulting from influenza-like disease are a threat, especially for older adults. To improve case management, next-generation broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics that are efficacious against major drivers of influenza-like disease, including influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), are urgently needed.