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artemisinin resistance

  • Open Access
    No Evidence of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Plasmodium falciparum</span> <em>k13</em> Artemisinin Resistance-Conferring Mutations over a 24-Year Analysis in Coastal Kenya but a Near Complete Reversion to Chloroquine-Sensitive Parasites
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    No Evidence of Plasmodium falciparum k13 Artemisinin Resistance-Conferring Mutations over a 24-Year Analysis in Coastal Kenya but a Near Complete Reversion to Chloroquine-Sensitive Parasites

    Antimalarial drug resistance is a substantial impediment to malaria control. The spread of resistance has been described using genetic markers, which are important epidemiological tools. We carried out a temporal analysis of changes in allele frequencies of 12 drug resistance markers over 2 decades of changing antimalarial drug policy in Kenya.

    Kevin Wamae, Dorcas Okanda, Leonard Ndwiga, Victor Osoti, Kelvin M. Kimenyi, Abdirahman I. Abdi, Philip Bejon, Colin Sutherland, Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier
  • The Diversity of the <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> K13 Propeller Domain Did Not Increase after Implementation of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy in Uganda
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    The Diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum K13 Propeller Domain Did Not Increase after Implementation of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy in Uganda

    Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the standard of care to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, resistance to artemisinins, defined as delayed parasite clearance after therapy, has emerged in Southeast Asia, and the spread of resistance to sub-Saharan Africa could have devastating consequences.

    Melissa D. Conrad, Sam L. Nsobya, Philip J. Rosenthal
  • Evolution and Genetic Diversity of the <em>k13</em> Gene Associated with Artemisinin Delayed Parasite Clearance in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Plasmodium falciparum</span>
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Evolution and Genetic Diversity of the k13 Gene Associated with Artemisinin Delayed Parasite Clearance in Plasmodium falciparum

    Mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum k13 (Pfk13) gene are linked to delayed parasite clearance in response to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in Southeast Asia. To explore the evolutionary rate and constraints acting on this gene, k13 orthologs from species sharing a recent common ancestor with...

    M. AndreĆ­na Pacheco, Esha R. Kadakia, Zainab Chaudhary, Douglas J. Perkins, Julia Kelley, Shashidhar Ravishankar, Michael Cranfield, Eldin Talundzic, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Ananias A. Escalante
  • Polymorphisms in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Plasmodium falciparum</span> Kelch 13 and <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">P. vivax</span> Kelch 12 Genes in Parasites Collected from Three South Pacific Countries Prior to Extensive Exposure to Artemisinin Combination Therapies
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 and P. vivax Kelch 12 Genes in Parasites Collected from Three South Pacific Countries Prior to Extensive Exposure to Artemisinin Combination Therapies

    The South Pacific countries Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, and Papua New Guinea (PNG) adopted artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in 2008. We examined Kelch 13 and Kelch 12 genes in parasites originating from these countries before or at ACT introduction.

    Karryn Gresty, Karen Anderson, Cielo Pasay, Norman C. Waters, Qin Cheng
  • Viability Screen of LOPAC<sup>1280</sup> Reveals Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Tyrphostin A9 as a Novel Partner Drug for Artesunate Combinations To Target the <em>Plasmodium falciparum</em> Ring Stage
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Viability Screen of LOPAC1280 Reveals Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Tyrphostin A9 as a Novel Partner Drug for Artesunate Combinations To Target the Plasmodium falciparum Ring Stage

    The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum poses a major threat to current frontline artemisinin combination therapies. Artemisinin resistance is widely associated with mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch13 (PfKelch13) propeller region, leading to delayed parasite clearance and...

    Jie Xin Tong, Sarah E. L. Ang, Esther H. N. Tan, Kevin S. W. Tan
  • <em>In Silico</em> Investigation of the Decline in Clinical Efficacy of Artemisinin Combination Therapies Due to Increasing Artemisinin and Partner Drug Resistance
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    In Silico Investigation of the Decline in Clinical Efficacy of Artemisinin Combination Therapies Due to Increasing Artemisinin and Partner Drug Resistance

    Antimalarial treatment currently relies on an artemisinin derivative and a longer-acting partner drug. With the emergence of resistance to the artemisinin derivatives and the potential pressure this exerts on the partner drugs, the impact of resistance to each drug on efficacy needs to be investigated.

    Sophie G. Zaloumis, Pengxing Cao, Saber Dini, Miles P. Davenport, Deborah Cromer, David S. Khoury, Freya J. I. Fowkes, James M. McCaw, Julie A. Simpson
  • Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Emergence and Spread of kelch13 Mutations Associated with Artemisinin Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum Parasites in 12 Thai Provinces from 2007 to 2016
    Theerayot Kobasa, Eldin Talundzic, Rungniran Sug-aram, Patcharida Boondat, Ira F. Goldman, Naomi W. Lucchi, Pratin Dharmarak, David Sintasath, Mark Fukuda, Toni Whistler, John MacArthur, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Preecha Prempree, Nipon Chinanonwait
  • Open Access
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    K13 Propeller Mutations in Plasmodium falciparum Populations in Regions of Malaria Endemicity in Vietnam from 2009 to 2016
    Nguyen Thuy-Nhien, Nguyen Kim Tuyen, Nguyen Thanh Tong, Nguyen Tuong Vy, Ngo Viet Thanh, Huynh Thuy Van, Pham Huong-Thu, Huynh Hong Quang, Maciej F. Boni, Christiane Dolecek, Jeremy Farrar, Guy E. Thwaites, Olivo Miotto, Nicholas J. White, Tran Tinh Hien
  • Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Molecular Epidemiology of Plasmodium falciparum kelch13 Mutations in Senegal Determined by Using Targeted Amplicon Deep Sequencing
    Eldin Talundzic, Yaye D. Ndiaye, Awa B. Deme, Christian Olsen, Dhruviben S. Patel, Shweta Biliya, Rachel Daniels, Fredrik O. Vannberg, Sarah K. Volkman, Venkatachalam Udhayakumar, Daouda Ndiaye
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