azoles
SusceptibilityAzole and Amphotericin B MIC Values against Aspergillus fumigatus: High Agreement between Spectrophotometric and Visual Readings Using the EUCAST EDef 9.3.2 ProcedureThe EUCAST EDef 9.3.2 procedure recommends visual readings of azole and amphotericin B MICs against Aspergillus spp. Visual determination of MICs may be challenging. In this work, we aim to obtain and compare visual and spectrophotometric MIC readings of azoles and amphotericin B against Aspergillus fumigatus sensu lato isolates. A total of 847...
PharmacologySuboptimal Dosing of Fluconazole in Critically Ill Patients: Time To Rethink DosingFluconazole is frequently used for the treatment of invasive Candida infections in critically ill patients. However, alterations in renal functions might influence fluconazole clearance. Therefore, our objective was to study the impact of renal function on the population pharmacokinetics of fluconazole in critically ill patients with various degrees of renal function or undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)....
SusceptibilitySpecies Distribution and Comparison between EUCAST and Gradient Concentration Strips Methods for Antifungal Susceptibility Testing of 112 Aspergillus Section Nigri IsolatesAspergillus niger, the third species responsible for invasive aspergillosis, has been considered as a homogeneous species until DNA-based identification uncovered many cryptic species. These species have been recently reclassified into the Aspergillus section Nigri. However, little is yet known among the section Nigri about the species...
Mechanisms of ResistanceDetection of Candida auris Antifungal Drug Resistance Markers Directly from Clinical Skin SwabsAccurate and rapid assessment of Candida auris antifungal drug resistance is crucial for effective infection prevention and control actions, as well as for patient management. Here, performance of a molecular diagnostic platform, enabling rapid identification of FKS1 and ERG11 mutations conferring echinocandin and azole resistance, respectively, was...
SusceptibilityMolecular Identification, Antifungal Susceptibility Testing, and Mechanisms of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus Species Received within a Surveillance Program on Antifungal Resistance in SpainAntifungal resistance is one of the major causes of the increasing mortality rates for fungal infections, especially for those caused by Aspergillus spp. A surveillance program was established in 2014 in the Spanish National Center for Microbiology for tracking resistance in the most prevalent Aspergillus species. A total of 273 samples were included in the...
SusceptibilityEUCAST Susceptibility Testing of Isavuconazole: MIC Data for Contemporary Clinical Mold and Yeast IsolatesIsavuconazole is the newest medical azole. We investigated EUCAST MICs for isavuconazole and seven comparators against 1,498 contemporary isolates (2016 to 2017).
Mechanisms of ResistanceA Systematic Screen Reveals a Diverse Collection of Medications That Induce Antifungal Resistance in Candida SpeciesThe increasing incidence of and high mortality rates associated with invasive fungal infections (IFIs) impose an enormous clinical, social, and economic burden on humankind. In addition to microbiological resistance to existing antifungal drugs, the large number of unexplained treatment failures is a serious concern.
SusceptibilityLoss of C-5 Sterol Desaturase Activity in Candida albicans: Azole Resistance or Merely Trailing Growth?Increased expression of drug efflux pumps and changes in the target enzyme Erg11p are known to contribute to azole resistance in Candida albicans, one of the most prevalent fungal pathogens. Mutations that inactivate ERG3, which encodes sterol Δ5,6-desaturase, also confer in vitro azole resistance.
SusceptibilityImplications of the EUCAST Trailing Phenomenon in Candida tropicalis for the In Vivo Susceptibility in Invertebrate and Murine Models...Candida tropicalis isolates often display reduced but persistent growth (trailing) over a broad fluconazole concentration range during EUCAST susceptibility testing. Whereas weak trailing (<25% of the positive growth control) is common and found not to impair fluconazole efficacy, we investigated if more pronounced trailing impacted treatment efficacy.
Mechanisms of ResistanceLimited ERG11 Mutations Identified in Isolates of Candida auris Directly Contribute to Reduced Azole SusceptibilityMultiple Erg11 amino acid substitutions were identified in clinical isolates of Candida auris originating from India and Colombia. Elevated azole MICs were detected in Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon heterologous expression of C. auris...