beta-lactam
Editor's Pick Clinical TherapeuticsEfficacy of Early Oral Switch with β-Lactams for Low-Risk Staphylococcus aureus BacteremiaThe aim of this study was to assess the safety of early oral switch (EOS) prior to 14 days for low-risk Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (LR-SAB), which is the primary treatment strategy used at our institution. The usual recommended therapy is 14 days of intravenous (i.v.) antibiotics. All patients with SAB at our hospital were identified between 1 January 2014 and...
Clinical TherapeuticsSafety and Pharmacokinetic Characterization of Nacubactam, a Novel β-Lactamase Inhibitor, Alone and in Combination with Meropenem, in Healthy VolunteersNacubactam is a novel β-lactamase inhibitor with dual mechanisms of action as an inhibitor of serine β-lactamases (classes A and C and some class D) and an inhibitor of penicillin binding protein 2 in Enterobacteriaceae. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of intravenous nacubactam were evaluated in single- and multiple-ascending-dose, placebo-controlled studies. Healthy participants received single ascending doses...
Experimental TherapeuticsBeyond Piperacillin-Tazobactam: Cefepime and AAI101 as a Potent β-Lactam−β-Lactamase Inhibitor CombinationImpeding, as well as reducing, the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative pathogens is an urgent public health endeavor. Our current antibiotic armamentarium is dwindling, while major resistance determinants (e.g., extended-spectrum β-lactamases [ESBLs]) continue to evolve and disseminate around the world.
Mechanisms of ResistanceGenetic Determinants of Penicillin Tolerance in Vibrio choleraeMany bacteria are resistant to killing (tolerant) by typically bactericidal antibiotics due to their ability to counteract drug-induced cell damage. Vibrio cholerae, the cholera agent, displays an unusually high tolerance to diverse inhibitors of cell wall synthesis.
- Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacodynamic Target Attainment for Cefepime, Meropenem, and Piperacillin-Tazobactam Using a Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic-Based Dosing Calculator in Critically Ill Patients
This was a prospective study to determine if pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD)-based antibiotic dosing software aids in achieving concentration targets in critically ill patients receiving cefepime (n = 10), meropenem (n = 20), or piperacillin-tazobactam (n = 19). Antibiotic calculator doses targeting a >90% probability of target attainment (PTA) differed from package insert doses for 22.4% (11/49) of...
- Mechanisms of ResistanceProbing the Mechanism of Inactivation of the FOX-4 Cephamycinase by Avibactam
