carbapenem resistance
Mechanisms of ResistanceHigh-Level Carbapenem Resistance in OXA-232-Producing Raoultella ornithinolytica Triggered by Ertapenem TherapyOXA-232 is an OXA-48-group class D β-lactamase that hydrolyzes expanded-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems at low levels. Clinical strains producing OXA-232 are sometimes susceptible to carbapenems, making it difficult to identify them in the clinical microbiology laboratory.
Mechanisms of ResistanceComprehensive Genome Analysis of Carbapenem-Resistant Strains of Raoultella Species, an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Bacterium in HospitalsWe report the characterization of six carbapenem-resistant Raoultella spp. (CRRS) in our hospital and a genomic analysis of 58 publicly available isolates. CRRS isolates are sporadically identified around the world, and different transposons carrying carbapenemases were the resistant mechanisms. Mobile genetic elements play an important role in acquiring antibiotic resistance genes from the hospital.
Editor's Pick Epidemiology and SurveillanceWhole-Genome Sequencing To Identify Drivers of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Transmission within and between Regional Long-Term Acute-Care HospitalsCarbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an antibiotic resistance threat of the highest priority. Given the limited treatment options for this multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO), there is an urgent need for targeted strategies to prevent transmission.
Mechanisms of ResistanceAntecedent Carbapenem Exposure as a Risk Factor for Non-Carbapenemase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Carbapenemase-Producing EnterobacteriaceaeCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) can be mechanistically classified into carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae (NCPCRE). We sought to investigate the effect of antecedent carbapenem exposure as a risk factor for NCPCRE versus CPE. Among all patients...
Mechanisms of ResistanceEvolution of Carbapenem-Resistant Serotype K1 Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae by Acquisition of blaVIM-1-Bearing PlasmidWe report the identification of a carbapenem-resistant, hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) strain which produced the carbapenemase VIM-1. Genomic analysis showed that the strain belonged to sequence type ST23 and serotype K1, a major hvKp clone, and harbored three resistance-encoding plasmids. Among them, a blaVIM-1-bearing plasmid was...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceThe Likelihood of Developing a Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infection during a Hospital StayOf 1,455 unique patients in U.S. intensive care units (ICUs), 4% were rectally colonized with CRE on admission. A total of 297 patients were initially negative for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and remained in the ICU long enough to contribute additional swabs; 22% of these patients had a subsequent CRE-positive swab, with a median time to CRE...
Analytical ProceduresSimplified Testing Method for Direct Detection of Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms from Positive Blood Cultures Using the NG-Test Carba 5 AssayWe directly tested 484 organisms from clinical (n = 310) and simulated (n = 174) positive blood cultures using the NG-Test Carba 5 assay for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales detection. The assay identified all but 4 of the KPC (170/171), OXA-48-like (22/22), VIM (19/21), and NDM (14/15) producers with no false positives.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceMolecular Epidemiology of Emerging Carbapenem Resistance in Acinetobacter nosocomialis and Acinetobacter pittii in Taiwan, 2010 to 2014This study investigated the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter nosocomialis and Acinetobacter pittii (ANAP). Clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp.
PharmacologyDose Optimization of Colistin Combinations against Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from Patients with Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in China by Using an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic ModelColistin-based combination therapy has become an important strategy to combat the carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). However, the optimal dosage regimen selection for the combination with maximum efficacy is challenging.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceDiverse Vectors and Mechanisms Spread New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamases among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the Greater Boston AreaNew Delhi metallo-beta-lactamases (NDMs) are an uncommon but emerging cause of carbapenem resistance in the United States. Genomic factors promoting their domestic spread remain poorly characterized.