carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Editor's Pick Clinical TherapeuticsEstimating the Size of the U.S. Market for New Antibiotics with Activity against Carbapenem-Resistant EnterobacteriaceaeNew antibiotics with activity against carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) improve outcomes of CRE-infected patients. However, companies developing these drugs have faced financial difficulties. Sales of ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and plazomicin in the United States totaled $101 million from February 2018 to January 2019. We estimate that...
Clinical TherapeuticsCost-Effectiveness of Ceftazidime-Avibactam for Treatment of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Bacteremia and PneumoniaCeftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) may improve outcomes among patients with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections compared to those with conventional therapies. However, CAZ-AVI’s cost-effectiveness is unknown. We used a decision analytic model to estimate the health and economic consequences of CAZ-AVI-based therapy compared to colistin-based therapy (COL) for a hypothetical cohort of patients with CRE...
Mechanisms of ResistanceAntecedent Carbapenem Exposure as a Risk Factor for Non-Carbapenemase-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Carbapenemase-Producing EnterobacteriaceaeCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) can be mechanistically classified into carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem nonsusceptible Enterobacteriaceae (NCPCRE). We sought to investigate the effect of antecedent carbapenem exposure as a risk factor for NCPCRE versus CPE. Among all patients...
SusceptibilityActivity of Imipenem-Relebactam and Comparator Agents against Genetically Characterized Isolates of Carbapenem-Resistant EnterobacteriaceaeCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) strains are an urgent public health threat. We evaluated the in vitro activities of 19 antimicrobial agents, including imipenem-relebactam, against (i) 106 CRE bloodstream isolates that primarily expressed Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (...
Editor's Pick Challenging Clinical Case in Antimicrobial ResistanceMeropenem-Vaborbactam as Salvage Therapy for Ceftazidime-Avibactam-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia and Abscess in a Liver Transplant RecipientWe report a case of a 24-year-old liver transplant recipient who developed hepatic artery thrombosis and graft failure, which was complicated by subphrenic abscess and persistent Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae bacteremia. Ceftazidime-avibactam treatment led to...
Clinical TherapeuticsRetrospective Observational Study from a Chinese Network of the Impact of Combination Therapy versus Monotherapy on Mortality from Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae BacteremiaData for a total of 164 bloodstream infection cases due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) from 2013 to 2017 were retrospectively collected from 36 tertiary hospitals in 19 provinces in China to evaluate the outcomes and risk factors for mortality by univariable and multivariable analysis. The most frequent infecting species was Klebsiella pneumoniae...
SusceptibilitySynergistic Activity of Colistin-Containing Combinations against Colistin-Resistant EnterobacteriaceaeResistance to colistin, a polypeptide drug used as an agent of last resort for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), severely limits treatment options and may even transform an XDR organism into one that is pan-resistant. We...
- Experimental TherapeuticsIn Vitro and In Vivo Characterization of NOSO-502, a Novel Inhibitor of Bacterial Translation
Antibacterial activity screening of a collection of Xenorhabdus strains led to the discovery of the odilorhabdins, a new antibiotic class with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. Odilorhabdins inhibit bacterial translation by a new mechanism of action on ribosomes.
- Epidemiology and SurveillanceIn Vitro Activity of Plazomicin against Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Isolates Collected from U.S. Hospitals and Comparative Activities of Aminoglycosides against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae and Isolates Carrying Carbapenemase Genes
Plazomicin and comparator agents were tested by using the CLSI reference broth microdilution method against 4,825 clinical isolates collected during 2014 and 2015 in 70 U.S. hospitals as part of the ALERT (Antimicrobial Longitudinal Evaluation and Resistance Trends) program.
