ceftriaxone
Epidemiology and SurveillanceAntimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from High-Risk Men in Johannesburg, South AfricaNeisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial drug resistance has emerged worldwide; however, the situation in sub-Saharan Africa is not well documented. We investigated the molecular epidemiology and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in two core transmission groups of...
PharmacologyOptimal Dosing of Ceftriaxone in Infants Based on a Developmental Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic AnalysisCeftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin used to treat infants with community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, there is a large variability in the amount of ceftriaxone used for this purpose in this particular age group, and an evidence-based optimal dose is still unavailable. Therefore, we investigated the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in infants and performed a developmental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis...
PharmacologyPopulation Pharmacokinetic Study of Ceftriaxone in Elderly Patients, Using Cystatin C-Based Estimates of Renal Function To Account for FrailtyCeftriaxone is widely used for respiratory and urinary infections in elderly and frail patients, but there are few pharmacokinetic studies. A prospective population pharmacokinetic study of ceftriaxone in adults over 65 years old was undertaken. Dried blood spots collected at baseline (predose) and 0.5, 1, 4, 8, and 24 h after administration of 1 g of ceftriaxone were assayed using a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy...
PharmacologyComparative Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Ceftriaxone and Ertapenem in Normoalbuminemia, Hypoalbuminemia, and Albumin Replacement in a Sheep ModelOptimal concentrations of unbound antimicrobials are essential for a maximum microbiological effect. Although hypoalbuminemia and albumin fluid resuscitation are common in critical care, the effects of different albumin concentrations on the unbound concentrations of highly protein-bound antimicrobials are not known. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different albumin states on total and unbound concentrations of...
Clinical TherapeuticsAmpicillin and Ceftriaxone Solution Stability at Different Temperatures in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial TherapyThe inclusion of ampicillin-containing regimens in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programs (OPAT) depends upon solution stability under conditions similar to those experienced in these programs. Lack of this information could hinder the inclusion in OPAT of patients suffering from Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis treated with ampicillin plus...
Clinical TherapeuticsComparison of Clinical Outcomes among Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving One or Two Grams of Ceftriaxone DailyIntensive care unit (ICU) patients may experience ceftriaxone underexposure, but clinical outcomes data are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of ceftriaxone dosing on clinical outcomes among ICU patients without central nervous system (CNS) infection. A retrospective study of ICU patients receiving intravenous, empirical ceftriaxone for non-CNS infections was conducted. Patients ≥18 years of age who...
SusceptibilityImportation of Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Cases in Ontario, CanadaA strain of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi has caused a large ongoing outbreak in Pakistan since 2016. In Ontario, Canada, 10 cases of mainly bloodstream infections (n = 9) were identified in patients who traveled to Pakistan. Whole-genome sequencing showed that Canadian cases were genetically related to the Pakistan...
Mechanisms of ResistanceA Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay Targeting Neisseria gonorrhoeae penA-60.001Ceftriaxone (CRO) is widely used as the first-line treatment for gonococcal infections. However, CRO-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains carrying mosaic penA-60.001 have emerged recently and disseminated worldwide. To meet the urgent need to detect these strains, we report here a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay system that targets...
Mechanisms of ResistanceEmergence and Spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains with High-Level Resistance to Azithromycin in Taiwan from 2001 to 2018A total of 598 Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates obtained from patients in Taiwan from 2001 to 2018 were evaluated. The MICs of ceftriaxone (CRO) and azithromycin (AZM) against the isolates were determined by the agar dilution method. N. gonorrhoeae isolates with AZM MICs of ≥1 μg/ml were identified...
PharmacologyCeftriaxone and Cefotaxime Have Similar Effects on the Intestinal Microbiota in Human Volunteers Treated by Standard-Dose RegimensCeftriaxone has a higher biliary elimination than cefotaxime (40% versus 10%), which may result in a more pronounced impact on the intestinal microbiota. We performed a monocenter, randomized open-label clinical trial in 22 healthy volunteers treated by intravenous ceftriaxone (1 g/24 h) or cefotaxime (1 g/8 h) for 3 days.