ceftriaxone
Clinical TherapeuticsEffects of Antibiotic Treatment with Piperacillin/Tazobactam versus Ceftriaxone on the Composition of the Murine Gut MicrobiotaEffective antimicrobial stewardship requires a better understanding of the impact of different antibiotics on the gut microflora. Studies with humans are confounded by large interindividual variability and difficulty in identifying control cohorts.
SusceptibilityEmergence of Resistance in Klebsiella aerogenes to Piperacillin-Tazobactam and CeftriaxoneWe examined the effects of piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) concentration and bacterial inoculum on in vitro killing and the emergence of resistance in Klebsiella aerogenes. The MICs for 15 clinical respiratory isolates were determined by broth microdilution for TZP and by Etest for ceftriaxone (CRO) and cefepime (FEP). The presence of resistance in TZP-...
Experimental TherapeuticsIs Once-Daily High-Dose Ceftriaxone plus Ampicillin an Alternative for Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Programs?Ceftriaxone administered as once-daily high-dose short infusion combined with ampicillin has been proposed for the treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis in outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy programs (OPAT). This combination requires synergistic activity, but the attainment of ceftriaxone synergic concentration (Cs) with the regimen proposed...
Analytical ProceduresPrediction of Unbound Ceftriaxone Concentration in Children: Simple Bioanalysis Method and Basic Mathematical EquationThe pharmacological activity of ceftriaxone depends on the unbound concentration. However, direct measurement of unbound concentrations is obstructive, and high individual variability of the unbound fraction of ceftriaxone was shown in children. We aim to evaluate and validate a method to predict unbound ceftriaxone concentrations in pediatric patients. Ninety-five pairs of concentrations (total and unbound) from 92 patients were...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceAntimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from High-Risk Men in Johannesburg, South AfricaNeisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial drug resistance has emerged worldwide; however, the situation in sub-Saharan Africa is not well documented. We investigated the molecular epidemiology and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in two core transmission groups of...
PharmacologyOptimal Dosing of Ceftriaxone in Infants Based on a Developmental Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic AnalysisCeftriaxone is a third-generation cephalosporin used to treat infants with community-acquired pneumonia. Currently, there is a large variability in the amount of ceftriaxone used for this purpose in this particular age group, and an evidence-based optimal dose is still unavailable. Therefore, we investigated the population pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in infants and performed a developmental pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis...
PharmacologyPopulation Pharmacokinetic Study of Ceftriaxone in Elderly Patients, Using Cystatin C-Based Estimates of Renal Function To Account for FrailtyCeftriaxone is widely used for respiratory and urinary infections in elderly and frail patients, but there are few pharmacokinetic studies. A prospective population pharmacokinetic study of ceftriaxone in adults over 65 years old was undertaken. Dried blood spots collected at baseline (predose) and 0.5, 1, 4, 8, and 24 h after administration of 1 g of ceftriaxone were assayed using a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy...
PharmacologyComparative Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Ceftriaxone and Ertapenem in Normoalbuminemia, Hypoalbuminemia, and Albumin Replacement in a Sheep ModelOptimal concentrations of unbound antimicrobials are essential for a maximum microbiological effect. Although hypoalbuminemia and albumin fluid resuscitation are common in critical care, the effects of different albumin concentrations on the unbound concentrations of highly protein-bound antimicrobials are not known. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different albumin states on total and unbound concentrations of...
Clinical TherapeuticsAmpicillin and Ceftriaxone Solution Stability at Different Temperatures in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial TherapyThe inclusion of ampicillin-containing regimens in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programs (OPAT) depends upon solution stability under conditions similar to those experienced in these programs. Lack of this information could hinder the inclusion in OPAT of patients suffering from Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis treated with ampicillin plus...
Clinical TherapeuticsComparison of Clinical Outcomes among Intensive Care Unit Patients Receiving One or Two Grams of Ceftriaxone DailyIntensive care unit (ICU) patients may experience ceftriaxone underexposure, but clinical outcomes data are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of ceftriaxone dosing on clinical outcomes among ICU patients without central nervous system (CNS) infection. A retrospective study of ICU patients receiving intravenous, empirical ceftriaxone for non-CNS infections was conducted. Patients ≥18 years of age who...