chloroquine
Experimental TherapeuticsChloroquine Potentiates Primaquine Activity against Active and Latent Hepatic Plasmodia Ex Vivo: Potentials and PitfallsFor a long while, 8-aminoquinoline compounds have been the only therapeutic agents against latent hepatic malaria parasites. These have poor activity against the blood-stage plasmodia causing acute malaria and must be used in conjunction with partner blood schizontocidal agents. We examined the impacts of one such agent, chloroquine, upon the activity of primaquine, an 8-aminoquinoline, against hepatic stages of...
PharmacologySafety, Pharmacokinetics, and Activity of High-Dose Ivermectin and Chloroquine against the Liver Stage of Plasmodium cynomolgi Infection in Rhesus MacaquesPreviously, ivermectin (1 to 10 mg/kg of body weight) was shown to inhibit the liver-stage development of Plasmodium berghei in orally dosed mice. Here, ivermectin showed inhibition of the in vitro development of Plasmodium cynomolgi schizonts (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50...
Mechanisms of ResistanceInfluence of CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 Host Genotypes on Early Recurrence of Plasmodium vivaxCytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are involved in the biotransformation of chloroquine (CQ), but the role of the different profiles of metabolism of this drug in relation to Plasmodium vivax recurrences has not been properly investigated. To investigate the influence of the CYP genotypes associated with CQ metabolism on the rates of...
Clinical TherapeuticsHigh-Dose Chloroquine for Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Is Well Tolerated and Causes Similar QT Interval Prolongation as Standard-Dose Chloroquine in ChildrenHigher chloroquine doses can effectively treat up to 93 to 96% of malaria infections caused by Plasmodium falciparum carrying the resistance-conferring chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) 76T allele. The tolerability of 50 (double the standard dose) and 70 mg/kg total chloroquine doses were assessed in this study. Fifteen 4- to 8-year-old children with...
Clinical TherapeuticsEmergence of Plasmodium vivax Resistance to Chloroquine in French GuianaIn South America, Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine was recently reported in Brazil and Bolivia. The objective of this study was to collect data on chloroquine resistance in French Guiana by associating a retrospective evaluation of therapeutic efficacy with an analysis of recurrent parasitemia from any patients. Patients with...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceMonitoring the Efficacy of Chloroquine-Primaquine Therapy for Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Main Transmission Hot Spot of BrazilEmerging Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine (CQ) may undermine malaria elimination efforts in South America. CQ-resistant P. vivax has been found in the major port city of Manaus but not in the main malaria hot spots across the Amazon Basin of Brazil, where CQ is routinely coadministered...
SusceptibilityChloroquine Analogues as Leads against Pneumocystis Lung PathogensThe impact of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) on morbidity and mortality remains substantial for immunocompromised individuals, including those afflicted by HIV infection, organ transplantation, cancer, autoimmune diseases, or subject to chemotherapy or corticosteroid-based therapies. Previous work from our group has shown that repurposing antimalarial compounds for PcP...