ciprofloxacin
Experimental TherapeuticsCiprofloxacin Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics against Susceptible and Low-Level Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates in an Experimental Ascending Urinary Tract Infection Model in MiceThe mouse ascending urinary tract infection model was used to study the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PKPD) relationships of the effect of ciprofloxacin in subcutaneous treatment for 3 days with varying doses and dosing intervals against a susceptible Escherichia coli strain (MIC, 0.032 mg/liter). Further, a humanized dose of ciprofloxacin was administered for 3...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceAntimicrobial Resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates from High-Risk Men in Johannesburg, South AfricaNeisseria gonorrhoeae antimicrobial drug resistance has emerged worldwide; however, the situation in sub-Saharan Africa is not well documented. We investigated the molecular epidemiology and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in two core transmission groups of...
Mechanisms of ResistancePathogenicity Genomic Island-Associated CrpP-Like Fluoroquinolone-Modifying Enzymes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates in EuropeMany transferable quinolone resistance mechanisms have been identified in Gram-negative bacteria. The plasmid-encoded 65-amino-acid-long ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme CrpP was recently identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. We analyzed a collection of 100 clonally unrelated and multidrug-resistant...
PharmacologyActivity of Antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an In Vitro Model of Biofilms in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis: Influence of the Culture MediumPseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of respiratory biofilm-related infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. We developed an in vitro pharmacodynamic model to study the activity of antipseudomonal antibiotics against PAO1 biofilms grown in artificial sputum medium with agar [ASM(+)] versus that against biofilms grown in Trypticase soy broth...
Mechanisms of ResistanceA Large-Scale Whole-Genome Comparison Shows that Experimental Evolution in Response to Antibiotics Predicts Changes in Naturally Evolved Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosaPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of acute and chronic infections. An increasing number of isolates have mutations that make them antibiotic resistant, making treatment difficult. To identify resistance-associated mutations, we experimentally evolved the antibiotic-sensitive strain...
PharmacologyKinetic Driver of Antibacterial Drugs against Plasmodium falciparum and Implications for Clinical DosingAntibacterial drugs are an important component of malaria therapy. We studied the interactions of clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin against Plasmodium falciparum under static and dynamic conditions. In microtiter plate assays (static conditions), and as expected, parasites displayed the delayed death response characteristic for apicoplast-...
Mechanisms of ResistanceMultiple Copies of qnrA1 on an IncA/C2 Plasmid Explain Enhanced Quinolone Resistance in an Escherichia coli MutantIn a previous study, mutants with enhanced ciprofloxacin resistance (Cipr) were selected from Escherichia coli J53/pMG252 carrying qnrA1. Strain J53 Cipr 8-2 showed an increase in the copy number and transcription level of qnrA1. We sequenced the plasmids on Illumina and MinION platforms.
SusceptibilityImpact of Species Diversity on the Design of RNA-Based Diagnostics for Antibiotic Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeaeQuantitative assessment of antibiotic-responsive RNA transcripts holds promise for a rapid point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tool for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. These assays aim to distinguish susceptible and resistant isolates by transcriptional differences upon drug exposure. However, an often-overlooked dimension of designing these tests is that the genetic diversity within a species may yield differential transcriptional...
Experimental TherapeuticsApotransferrin in Combination with Ciprofloxacin Slows Bacterial Replication, Prevents Resistance Amplification, and Increases Antimicrobial Regimen EffectThere has been renewed interest in combining traditional small-molecule antimicrobial agents with nontraditional therapies to potentiate antimicrobial effects. Apotransferrin, which decreases iron availability to microbes, is one such approach.
