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colistin

  • Potential Mobilization of <em>mcr-10</em> by an Integrative Mobile Element via Site-Specific Recombination in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Cronobacter sakazakii</span>
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Potential Mobilization of mcr-10 by an Integrative Mobile Element via Site-Specific Recombination in Cronobacter sakazakii

    mcr-10 is a newly identified plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene, but its mobilization mechanism remains unclear. In this study, mcr-10 was found on an IncFIB plasmid carrying virulence genes mrkABCDFJ, iucABCD/iutA, and eitCBAD in a Cronobacter sakazakii isolate.

    Jing Yang, Lina Liu, Yu Feng, Da He, Chengcheng Wang, Zhiyong Zong
  • Evolution of Colistin Resistance in the <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Klebsiella pneumoniae</span> Complex Follows Multiple Evolutionary Trajectories with Variable Effects on Fitness and Virulence Characteristics
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Evolution of Colistin Resistance in the Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex Follows Multiple Evolutionary Trajectories with Variable Effects on Fitness and Virulence Characteristics

    The increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has led to a resurgence in the use of colistin as a last-resort drug. Colistin is a cationic antibiotic that selectively acts on Gram-negative bacteria through electrostatic interactions with anionic phosphate groups of the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs). Colistin resistance in...

    Axel B. Janssen, Dennis J. Doorduijn, Grant Mills, Malbert R. C. Rogers, Marc J. M. Bonten, Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers, Rob J. L. Willems, Jose A. Bengoechea, Willem van Schaik
  • Activity of Tigecycline or Colistin in Combination with Zidovudine against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Harboring <em>tet</em>(X) and <em>mcr-1</em>
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Activity of Tigecycline or Colistin in Combination with Zidovudine against Escherichia coli Harboring tet(X) and mcr-1

    Alternative therapeutic options are urgently needed against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli infections, especially in situations of preexisting tigecycline and colistin resistance. Here, we investigated synergistic activity of the antiretroviral drug zidovudine in combination with tigecycline or colistin against...

    Yu-Feng Zhou, Ping Liu, Shu-He Dai, Jian Sun, Ya-Hong Liu, Xiao-Ping Liao
  • Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam Alone and in Combination against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> in the <em>In Vitro</em> Pharmacodynamic Model
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam Alone and in Combination against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model

    Combination therapy may enhance imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam’s (I/R) activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and suppress resistance development. Human-simulated unbound plasma concentrations of I/R at 1.25 g every 6 h (h), colistin at 360 mg daily, and amikacin at 25 mg/kg daily were reproduced alone and in combination against six imipenem-nonsusceptible...

    Iris H. Chen, David P. Nicolau, Joseph L. Kuti
  • National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteremic Gram-Negative Bacteria with Emphasis on Community-Acquired Resistant Isolates: Report from the 2019 Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan (SMART)
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteremic Gram-Negative Bacteria with Emphasis on Community-Acquired Resistant Isolates: Report from the 2019 Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan (SMART)

    A multicenter collection of bacteremic isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 423), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 300), and...

    Po-Yu Liu, Yu-Lin Lee, Min-Chi Lu, Pei-Lan Shao, Po-Liang Lu, Yen-Hsu Chen, Shu-Hsing Cheng, Wen-Chien Ko, Chi-Ying Lin, Ting-Shu Wu, Muh-Yong Yen, Lih-Shinn Wang, Chang-Pan Liu, Wen-Sen Lee, Yao-Shen Chen, Fu-Der Wang, Shu-Hui Tseng, Chao-Nan Lin, Hung-Jen Tang, Yu-Hui Chen, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chun-Ming Lee, Ming-Huei Liao, Po-Ren Hsueh
  • The <em>mcr-9</em> Gene of <em>Salmonella</em> and <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Is Not Associated with Colistin Resistance in the United States
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    The mcr-9 Gene of Salmonella and Escherichia coli Is Not Associated with Colistin Resistance in the United States

    Reports of transmissible colistin resistance show the importance of comprehensive colistin resistance surveillance. Recently, a new allele of the mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene family designated mcr-9, which shows variation in genetic context and colistin susceptibility, was reported. We tested over 100 Salmonella enterica and...

    Gregory H. Tyson, Cong Li, Chih-Hao Hsu, Sherry Ayers, Stacey Borenstein, Sampa Mukherjee, Thu-Thuy Tran, Patrick F. McDermott, Shaohua Zhao
  • A Novel Deletion Mutation in <em>pmrB</em> Contributes to Concurrent Colistin Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Sequence Type 405 of Clinical Origin
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    A Novel Deletion Mutation in pmrB Contributes to Concurrent Colistin Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Sequence Type 405 of Clinical Origin

    We report the first clinical Escherichia coli strain EC3000 with concomitant chromosomal colistin and carbapenem resistance. A novel in-frame deletion, Δ6-11 (RPISLR), in pmrB that contributes to colistin resistance was verified using recombinant DNA techniques. Although being less fit than the wild-type (WT) strain or EC3000 revertant (chromosomal...

    Ching-Hsun Wang, L. Kristopher Siu, Feng-Yee Chang, Yu-Kuo Tsai, Yi-Tsung Lin, Sheng-Kang Chiu, Li-Yueh Huang, Jung-Chung Lin
  • Evaluation of Dose-Fractionated Polymyxin B on Acute Kidney Injury Using a Translational <em>In Vivo</em> Rat Model
    Pharmacology
    Evaluation of Dose-Fractionated Polymyxin B on Acute Kidney Injury Using a Translational In Vivo Rat Model

    We investigated dose-fractionated polymyxin B (PB) on acute kidney injury (AKI). PB at 12 mg of drug/kg of body weight per day (once, twice, and thrice daily) was administered in rats over 72 h. The thrice-daily group demonstrated the highest KIM-1 increase (P = 0.018) versus that of the controls (P = 0.99) and histopathological damage (P = 0.013). A three-compartment model best described the data (bias, 0....

    Jiajun Liu, Gwendolyn M. Pais, Sean N. Avedissian, Annette Gilchrist, Andrew Lee, Nathaniel J. Rhodes, Alan R. Hauser, Marc H. Scheetz
  • Activity of Antibiotics against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> in an <em>In Vitro</em> Model of Biofilms in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis: Influence of the Culture Medium
    Pharmacology
    Activity of Antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an In Vitro Model of Biofilms in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis: Influence of the Culture Medium

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of respiratory biofilm-related infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. We developed an in vitro pharmacodynamic model to study the activity of antipseudomonal antibiotics against PAO1 biofilms grown in artificial sputum medium with agar [ASM(+)] versus that against biofilms grown in Trypticase soy broth...

    Yvan Diaz Iglesias, Françoise Van Bambeke
  • Efficacy of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam in Combination with Colistin against Extensively Drug-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span>, Including High-Risk Clones, in an <em>In Vitro</em> Pharmacodynamic Model
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Efficacy of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam in Combination with Colistin against Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Including High-Risk Clones, in an In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Model

    Combination therapy is an attractive therapeutic option for extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Colistin has been the only treatment available for these infections for many years, but its results are suboptimal. Ceftolozane-tazobactam (C/T) is a newly available therapeutic option that has shown good antipseudomonal activity, even...

    María Montero, Sandra Domene Ochoa, Carla López-Causapé, Brian VanScoy, Sonia Luque, Luisa Sorlí, Núria Campillo, Ariadna Angulo-Brunet, Eduardo Padilla, Núria Prim, Virginia Pomar, Alba Rivera, Santiago Grau, Paul G. Ambrose, Antonio Oliver, Juan P. Horcajada

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