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cystic fibrosis

  • Open Access
    <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> Susceptibility Patterns and Associated Clinical Outcomes in People with Cystic Fibrosis following Approval of Aztreonam Lysine for Inhalation
    Susceptibility
    Pseudomonas aeruginosa Susceptibility Patterns and Associated Clinical Outcomes in People with Cystic Fibrosis following Approval of Aztreonam Lysine for Inhalation

    The approval of aztreonam lysine for inhalation solution (AZLI) raised concerns that additional antibiotic exposure would potentially affect the susceptibility profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This 5-year, prospective, observational study tracked susceptibility changes and clinical outcomes in CF patients in the United States with chronic P. aeruginosa infection.

    ...
    Claire L. Keating, Jonathan B. Zuckerman, Pradeep K. Singh, Matthew McKevitt, Oksana Gurtovaya, Mark Bresnik, Bruce C. Marshall, Lisa Saiman
    and on behalf of the CFFPR-AZLI Study Group
  • Rifabutin Is Inactivated by <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium abscessus</span> Arr
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Rifabutin Is Inactivated by Mycobacterium abscessus Arr

    Mycobacterium abscessus exhibits arr (ADP-ribosyltransferase)-dependent rifampin resistance. In apparent contrast, rifabutin (RBT) has demonstrated promising activity in M. abscessus infection models, implying that RBT might not be inactivated by Arr.

    Daniel Schäfle, Petra Selchow, Barbara Borer, Michael Meuli, Anna Rominski, Bettina Schulthess, Peter Sander
  • <em>In Vitro</em> Antibacterial Activity and <em>In Vivo</em> Efficacy of Sulbactam-Durlobactam against Pathogenic <em>Burkholderia</em> Species
    Experimental Therapeutics
    In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and In Vivo Efficacy of Sulbactam-Durlobactam against Pathogenic Burkholderia Species

    The Gram-negative bacterial genus Burkholderia includes several hard-to-treat human pathogens: two biothreat species, Burkholderia mallei (causing glanders) and B. pseudomallei (causing melioidosis), and the B. cepacia...

    Krisztina M. Papp-Wallace, Adam B. Shapiro, Scott A. Becka, Elise T. Zeiser, John J. LiPuma, Douglas J. Lane, Rekha G. Panchal, John P. Mueller, John P. O’Donnell, Alita A. Miller
  • Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Detection of Antibiotic Agents in Sputum from Persons with Cystic Fibrosis
    Clinical Therapeutics
    Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Detection of Antibiotic Agents in Sputum from Persons with Cystic Fibrosis

    Antibiotic therapy is expected to impact host microbial communities considerably, yet many studies focused on microbiome and health are often confounded by limited information about antibiotic exposure. Given that antibiotics have diverse pharmacokinetic and antimicrobial properties, investigating the type and concentration of these agents in specific host specimens would provide much needed insight into their impact on the microbes...

    Tara Gallagher, Stefan Riedel, Joseph Kapcia, Lindsay J. Caverly, Lisa Carmody, Linda M. Kalikin, Junnan Lu, Joann Phan, Matthew Gargus, Miki Kagawa, Simon W. Leemans, Jason A. Rothman, Felix Grun, John J. LiPuma, Katrine L. Whiteson
  • Longitudinal Surveillance and Combination Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Multidrug-Resistant <em>Achromobacter</em> Species from Cystic Fibrosis Patients
    Susceptibility
    Longitudinal Surveillance and Combination Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Multidrug-Resistant Achromobacter Species from Cystic Fibrosis Patients

    Achromobacter spp. are recognized as emerging pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Though recent works have established species-level identification using nrdA sequencing, there is a dearth in knowledge relating to species-level antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and antimicrobial combinations, which hampers the use of optimal antimicrobial combinations for the treatment of chronic infections. The aims...

    Ijeoma N. Okoliegbe, Karolin Hijazi, Kim Cooper, Corinne Ironside, Ian M. Gould
  • Efficacy of Bedaquiline, Alone or in Combination with Imipenem, against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium abscessus</span> in C3HeB/FeJ Mice
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Efficacy of Bedaquiline, Alone or in Combination with Imipenem, against Mycobacterium abscessus in C3HeB/FeJ Mice

    Mycobacterium abscessus lung infections remain difficult to treat. Recent studies have recognized the power of new combinations of antibiotics, such as bedaquiline and imipenem, although in vitro data have questioned this combination. We report that the efficacy of bedaquiline-imipenem combination treatment relies essentially on the activity of bedaquiline in...

    Vincent Le Moigne, Clément Raynaud, Flavie Moreau, Christian Dupont, Jérôme Nigou, Olivier Neyrolles, Laurent Kremer, Jean-Louis Herrmann
  • Hypermutator <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> Exploits Multiple Genetic Pathways To Develop Multidrug Resistance during Long-Term Infections in the Airways of Cystic Fibrosis Patients
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Hypermutator Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exploits Multiple Genetic Pathways To Develop Multidrug Resistance during Long-Term Infections in the Airways of Cystic Fibrosis Patients

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa exploits intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms to resist almost every antibiotic used in chemotherapy. Antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is further enhanced by the occurrence of hypermutator strains, a...

    C. A. Colque, A. G. Albarracín Orio, S. Feliziani, R. L. Marvig, A. R. Tobares, H. K. Johansen, S. Molin, A. M. Smania
  • Activity of Antibiotics against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</span> in an <em>In Vitro</em> Model of Biofilms in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis: Influence of the Culture Medium
    Pharmacology
    Activity of Antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an In Vitro Model of Biofilms in the Context of Cystic Fibrosis: Influence of the Culture Medium

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major cause of respiratory biofilm-related infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. We developed an in vitro pharmacodynamic model to study the activity of antipseudomonal antibiotics against PAO1 biofilms grown in artificial sputum medium with agar [ASM(+)] versus that against biofilms grown in Trypticase soy broth...

    Yvan Diaz Iglesias, Françoise Van Bambeke
  • Phase I, Dose-Escalating Study of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Dry-Powder Vancomycin (AeroVanc) in Volunteers and Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: a New Approach to Therapy for Methicillin-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span>
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Phase I, Dose-Escalating Study of the Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Inhaled Dry-Powder Vancomycin (AeroVanc) in Volunteers and Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: a New Approach to Therapy for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a significant acute and chronic respiratory pathogen. While vancomycin is effective against MRSA, its relatively poor penetration into lung secretions and dose-limiting renal toxicity make it less effective in the respiratory setting. As inhaled administration of vancomycin would overcome these limitations...

    Grant Waterer, John Lord, Thomas Hofmann, Taneli Jouhikainen
  • Biofilms of <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Mycobacterium abscessus</span> Complex Can Be Sensitized to Antibiotics by Disaggregation and Oxygenation
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Biofilms of Mycobacterium abscessus Complex Can Be Sensitized to Antibiotics by Disaggregation and Oxygenation

    Pulmonary infection with the multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) is difficult to treat in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). MABSC grows as biofilm aggregates in CF patient lungs, which are known to have anaerobic niches. How aggregation and anoxic conditions affect antibiotic tolerance is not well understood. We sought to determine whether...

    Mette Kolpen, Peter Østrup Jensen, Tavs Qvist, Kasper Nørskov Kragh, Cecillie Ravnholt, Blaine Gabriel Fritz, Ulla Rydahl Johansen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Niels Høiby

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