drug resistance
Antiviral AgentsNovel Central Nervous System (CNS)-Targeting Protease Inhibitors for Drug-Resistant HIV Infection and HIV-Associated CNS ComplicationsThere is currently no specific therapeutics for the HIV-1-related central nervous system (CNS) complications. Here we report that three newly designed CNS-targeting HIV-1 protease inhibitors (PIs), GRL-083-13, GRL-084-13, and GRL-087-13, which contain a P1-3,5-bis-fluorophenyl or P1-para-monofluorophenyl ring, and P2-bis-tetrahydrofuran (bis-THF) or P2-tetrahydropyrano-tetrahydrofuran (Tp-THF...
Mechanisms of ResistanceSpecies Distribution and Macrolide Susceptibility of Mycobacterium fortuitum Complex Clinical IsolatesThe understanding of species distribution and inducible macrolide resistance in the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex (MFC) is limited. Of 90 mostly respiratory MFC clinical isolates, half were M. fortuitum, followed by M. peregrinum...
Experimental TherapeuticsIn Vitro and In Vivo Activities of Zinc Linolenate, a Selective Antibacterial Agent against Helicobacter pyloriHelicobacter pylori is a major global pathogen, and its infection represents a key factor in the etiology of various gastric diseases, including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric carcinoma. The efficacy of current standard treatment for H. pylori infection including two broad-spectrum...
Mechanisms of ResistanceIdentification of Antimalarial Compounds That Require CLAG3 for Their Uptake by Plasmodium falciparum-Infected ErythrocytesDuring the intraerythrocytic asexual cycle malaria parasites acquire nutrients and other solutes through a broad selectivity channel localized at the membrane of the infected erythrocyte termed the plasmodial surface anion channel (PSAC). The protein product of the Plasmodium falciparum clonally variant clag3.1 and clag3.2 genes determines PSAC...
SusceptibilityDifferences in Clinical Manifestations, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns, and Mutations of Fluoroquinolone Target Genes between Chryseobacterium gleum and Chryseobacterium indologenesChryseobacterium infections are uncommon, and previous studies have revealed that Chryseobacterium gleum is frequently misidentified as Chryseobacterium indologenes. We aimed to explore the differences in clinical manifestations and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns between...
Antiviral AgentsComparison of the Antiviral Activity of Bictegravir against HIV-1 and HIV-2 Isolates and Integrase Inhibitor-Resistant HIV-2 MutantsWe compared the activity of the integrase inhibitor bictegravir against HIV-1 and HIV-2 using a culture-based, single-cycle assay. Values of 50% effective concentrations ranged from 1.2 to 2.5 nM for 9 HIV-1 isolates and 1.4 to 5.6 nM for 15 HIV-2 isolates.
Mechanisms of ResistanceWhole-Genome Sequencing for Drug Resistance Profile Prediction in Mycobacterium tuberculosisWhole-genome sequencing allows rapid detection of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. However, the availability of high-quality data linking quantitative phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST) and genomic data have thus far been limited.
Clinical TherapeuticsEfficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Eastern CambodiaIn Cambodia, multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum undermines the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, and new therapeutic options are needed. Pyronaridine-artesunate has not previously been evaluated in eastern Cambodia.
Mechanisms of ResistanceVacuolar Sequestration of Azoles, a Novel Strategy of Azole Antifungal Resistance Conserved across Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic YeastTarget alteration and overproduction and drug efflux through overexpression of multidrug transporters localized in the plasma membrane represent the conventional mechanisms of azole antifungal resistance. Here, we identify a novel conserved mechanism of azole resistance not only in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae but also in the pathogenic yeast...
PharmacologySingle-Center Evaluation of the Pharmacokinetics of WCK 5222 (Cefepime-Zidebactam Combination) in Subjects with Renal ImpairmentWCK 5222 is a novel β-lactam–β-lactam-enhancer combination of cefepime (FEP) and zidebactam (ZID). ZID is a novel β-lactam enhancer with a dual action of binding to Gram-negative penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) and β-lactamase inhibition.