efflux pumps
Mechanisms of ResistanceTarget (MexB)- and Efflux-Based Mechanisms Decreasing the Effectiveness of the Efflux Pump Inhibitor D13-9001 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1: Uncovering a New Role for MexMN-OprM in Efflux of β-Lactams and a Novel Regulatory Circuit (MmnRS) Controlling MexMN ExpressionEfflux pumps contribute to antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative pathogens. Correspondingly, efflux pump inhibitors (EPIs) may reverse this resistance.
Mechanisms of ResistanceMutations in the MAB_2299c TetR Regulator Confer Cross-Resistance to Clofazimine and Bedaquiline in Mycobacterium abscessusNew therapeutic approaches are needed against Mycobacterium abscessus, a respiratory mycobacterial pathogen that evades efforts to successfully treat infected patients. Clofazimine and bedaquiline, two drugs used for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, are being considered as alternatives for the treatment of lung diseases caused by...
Mechanisms of ResistanceExpression of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Antibiotic Resistance Genes Varies Greatly during Infections in Cystic Fibrosis PatientsThe lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) become chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa that is difficult to eradicate by antibiotic treatment. Two key P. aeruginosa antibiotic resistance mechanisms are the AmpC β-lactamase that degrades β-lactam antibiotics and MexXYOprM, a three...
Mechanisms of ResistanceMagnitude of Voriconazole Resistance in Clinical and Environmental Isolates of Aspergillus flavus and Investigation into the Role of Multidrug Efflux Pumps...The magnitude of azole resistance in Aspergillus flavus and its underlying mechanism is obscure. We evaluated the frequency of azole resistance in a collection of clinical (n = 121) and environmental isolates (n = 68) of A. flavus by the broth microdilution method.
Mechanisms of ResistanceBiolog Phenotype Microarray Is a Tool for the Identification of Multidrug Resistance Efflux Pump InducersMultidrug resistance efflux pumps frequently present low levels of basal expression. However, antibiotic-resistant mutants that overexpress these resistance determinants are selected during infection.
- Mechanisms of ResistanceFunctional Characterization of AbaQ, a Novel Efflux Pump Mediating Quinolone Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. In previous work, we identified a putative MFS transporter, AU097_RS17040, involved in the pathogenicity of A. baumannii (M.
- Mechanisms of Resistancecis- and trans-Acting Factors Influence Expression of the norM-Encoded Efflux Pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Levels of Gonococcal Susceptibility to Substrate Antimicrobials
The gonococcal NorM efflux pump exports substrates with a cationic moiety, including quaternary ammonium compounds such as berberine (BE) and ethidium bromide (EB) as well as antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin and solithromycin. The norM gene is part of a four-gene operon that is transcribed from a promoter containing a polynucleotide tract of 6 or 7 thymidines (T's) between the −10 and −35 hexamers; the majority of gonococcal...
- PharmacologyClofazimine for the Treatment of Mycobacterium kansasii
Mycobacterium kansasii pulmonary infection is a global problem. Standard combination therapy consists of isoniazid at 300 mg/day, rifampin at 600 mg/day, and ethambutol at 15 mg/kg of body weight/day for 18 months.
- Mechanisms of ResistanceEnhanced Efflux Pump Activity in Old Candida glabrata Cells