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Enterococcus

  • <em>In Vitro</em> Activity and Potency of the Novel Oxazolidinone Contezolid (MRX-I) Tested against Gram-Positive Clinical Isolates from the United States and Europe
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    In Vitro Activity and Potency of the Novel Oxazolidinone Contezolid (MRX-I) Tested against Gram-Positive Clinical Isolates from the United States and Europe

    Contezolid, a new oxazolidinone antibacterial agent currently in development for the treatment of skin and skin structure infections, was susceptibility tested against Gram-positive clinical isolates (n = 1,211). Contezolid demonstrated potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 mg/liter), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus...

    Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Leonard R. Duncan, Wen Wang, Helio S. Sader
  • Open Access
    An Engineered Double Lipid II Binding Motifs-Containing Lantibiotic Displays Potent and Selective Antimicrobial Activity against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecium</span>
    Chemistry; Biosynthesis
    An Engineered Double Lipid II Binding Motifs-Containing Lantibiotic Displays Potent and Selective Antimicrobial Activity against Enterococcus faecium

    Lipid II is an essential precursor for bacterial cell wall biosynthesis and thereby an important target for various antibiotics. Several lanthionine-containing peptide antibiotics target lipid II with lanthionine-stabilized lipid II binding motifs. Here, we used the biosynthesis system of the lantibiotic nisin to synthesize a two-lipid II binding motifs-containing lantibiotic, termed TL19, which contains the N-terminal lipid II binding...

    Xinghong Zhao, Zhongqiong Yin, Eefjan Breukink, Gert N. Moll, Oscar P. Kuipers
  • Oral Fosfomycin Treatment for Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections in a Dynamic <em>In Vitro</em> Model
    Pharmacology
    Oral Fosfomycin Treatment for Enterococcal Urinary Tract Infections in a Dynamic In Vitro Model

    There are limited treatment options for enterococcal urinary tract infections, especially vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Oral fosfomycin is a potential option, although limited data are available guiding dosing and susceptibility. We undertook pharmacodynamic profiling of fosfomycin against E. faecalis and...

    Iain J. Abbott, Elke van Gorp, Aart van der Meijden, Rixt A. Wijma, Joseph Meletiadis, Jason A. Roberts, Johan W. Mouton, Anton Y. Peleg
  • Therapeutic Effects of Intravitreously Administered Bacteriophage in a Mouse Model of Endophthalmitis Caused by Vancomycin-Sensitive or -Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecalis</span>
    Editor's Pick Experimental Therapeutics
    Therapeutic Effects of Intravitreously Administered Bacteriophage in a Mouse Model of Endophthalmitis Caused by Vancomycin-Sensitive or -Resistant Enterococcus faecalis

    Endophthalmitis due to infection with Enterococcus spp. progresses rapidly and often results in substantial and irreversible vision loss. Given that the frequency of this condition caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis has been increasing, the development of novel therapeutics is urgently required.

    Tatsuma Kishimoto, Waka Ishida, Ken Fukuda, Isana Nakajima, Takashi Suzuki, Jumpei Uchiyama, Shigenobu Matsuzaki, Daisuke Todokoro, Masanori Daibata, Atsuki Fukushima
  • Environment Shapes the Accessible Daptomycin Resistance Mechanisms in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecium</span>
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Environment Shapes the Accessible Daptomycin Resistance Mechanisms in Enterococcus faecium

    Daptomycin binds to bacterial cell membranes and disrupts essential cell envelope processes, leading to cell death. Bacteria respond to daptomycin by altering their cell envelopes to either decrease antibiotic binding to the membrane or by diverting binding away from septal targets. In Enterococcus faecalis, daptomycin resistance is typically coordinated by the three-...

    Amy G. Prater, Heer H. Mehta, Abigael J. Kosgei, William R. Miller, Truc T. Tran, Cesar A. Arias, Yousif Shamoo
  • <em>In Vitro</em> Antimicrobial Activity of Diacerein on 76 Isolates of Gram-Positive Cocci from Bacterial Keratitis Patients and <em>In Vivo</em> Study of Diacerein Eye Drops on <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> Keratitis in Mice
    Experimental Therapeutics
    In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Diacerein on 76 Isolates of Gram-Positive Cocci from Bacterial Keratitis Patients and In Vivo Study of Diacerein Eye Drops on Staphylococcus aureus Keratitis in Mice

    Bacterial keratitis is an aggressive infectious corneal disease. With the continuing rise in antibiotic resistance and a decline in the discovery of new antibiotics, new antimicrobial drugs are now required.

    Hongmin Zhang, Susu Liu, Juan Yue, Shengtao Sun, Qixue Lv, Shoujun Jian, Yanting Xie, Lei Han, Fenfen Zhang, Yanfang Dai, Liya Wang
  • Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention on Within- and Between-Patient Daptomycin Resistance Evolution in Vancomycin-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecium</span>
    Clinical Therapeutics
    Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention on Within- and Between-Patient Daptomycin Resistance Evolution in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium

    Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infection, with limited treatment options. Resistance to one of the few remaining drugs, daptomycin, is a growing clinical problem and has previously been described in this hospital.

    Clare L. Kinnear, Twisha S. Patel, Carol L. Young, Vincent Marshall, Duane W. Newton, Andrew F. Read, Robert J. Woods
  • Pharmacodynamics of Daptomycin against <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecium</span> and <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">Enterococcus faecalis</span> in the Murine Thigh Infection Model
    Pharmacology
    Pharmacodynamics of Daptomycin against Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis in the Murine Thigh Infection Model

    The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) daptomycin MIC susceptibility breakpoint for the treatment of enterococcal infections is ≤4 μg/ml. However, patients receiving daptomycin for the treatment of infections caused by enterococci with MICs of ≤4 μg/ml may experience treatment failures.

    James M. Kidd, Kamilia Abdelraouf, Tomefa E. Asempa, Romney M. Humphries, David P. Nicolau
  • Open Access
    Loss-of-Function Mutations in <em>epaR</em> Confer Resistance to ϕNPV1 Infection in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecalis</span> OG1RF
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Loss-of-Function Mutations in epaR Confer Resistance to ϕNPV1 Infection in Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF

    Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive opportunistic pathogen that inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract. Because of the high frequency of antibiotic resistance among Enterococcus clinical isolates, interest in using phage to treat enterococcal infections and to decolonize high-risk patients...

    Khang Ho, Wenwen Huo, Savannah Pas, Ryan Dao, Kelli L. Palmer
  • Experimental Therapeutics
    In Vivo and In Vitro Effects of a ClpP-Activating Antibiotic against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

    Antibiotics with novel bactericidal mechanisms of action are urgently needed. The antibiotic acyldepsipeptide 4 (ADEP4) activates the ClpP protease and causes cells to self-digest.

    Autumn Brown Gandt, Elizabeth C. Griffith, Ida M. Lister, Lisa L. Billings, Angel Han, Rajendra Tangallapally, Ying Zhao, Aman P. Singh, Richard E. Lee, Michael D. LaFleur

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