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infective endocarditis

  • Bacteriophage AB-SA01 Cocktail in Combination with Antibiotics against MRSA-VISA Strain in an <em>In Vitro</em> Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Bacteriophage AB-SA01 Cocktail in Combination with Antibiotics against MRSA-VISA Strain in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model

    This study aimed to test the efficacy of bacteriophage-antibiotic combinations (BACs) in vitro in 24-h time-kill settings and in ex vivo simulated endocardial vegetation (SEV) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models for 96 h. BACs prevented the development of bacteriophage resistance, while some bacteriophage resistance emerged in bacteriophage-alone treatments. In addition, BACs resulted in an enhancement of bacterial...

    Razieh Kebriaei, Katherine L. Lev, Kyle C. Stamper, Susan M. Lehman, Sandra Morales, Michael J. Rybak
  • Ampicillin and Ceftriaxone Solution Stability at Different Temperatures in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy
    Clinical Therapeutics
    Ampicillin and Ceftriaxone Solution Stability at Different Temperatures in Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy

    The inclusion of ampicillin-containing regimens in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy programs (OPAT) depends upon solution stability under conditions similar to those experienced in these programs. Lack of this information could hinder the inclusion in OPAT of patients suffering from Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis treated with ampicillin plus...

    L. Herrera-Hidalgo, L. E. López-Cortes, R. Luque-Márquez, J. Gálvez-Acebal, A. de Alarcón, L. F. López-Cortes, A. Gutiérrez-Valencia, M. V. Gil-Navarro
  • Antimicrobial Activity of Exebacase (Lysin CF-301) against the Most Common Causes of Infective Endocarditis
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Antimicrobial Activity of Exebacase (Lysin CF-301) against the Most Common Causes of Infective Endocarditis

    Exebacase, a recombinantly produced lysin (cell wall hydrolase), and comparator antibiotics were tested by the broth microdilution method against strain sets of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp., which are the most common causes of infective endocarditis in humans. Exebacase was active against all Staphylococcus spp. tested, including S. aureus...

    Aubrey Watson, Jun Taek Oh, Karen Sauve, Patricia A. Bradford, Cara Cassino, Raymond Schuch
  • Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Cefazolin Dosage Adaptation in Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis Based on a Nomogram
    Pharmacology
    Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Cefazolin Dosage Adaptation in Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis Based on a Nomogram

    Optimal dosing of continuous-infusion cefazolin can be challenging in patients being treated for bacteremia or infective endocarditis. The aim of this work is to describe and analyze the pharmacokinetics of cefazolin in those patients using a population pharmacokinetics modeling approach and to establish a nomogram to determine the optimal daily dose. Population pharmacokinetics were modeled using the Pmetrics package for R.

    ...
    Ronan Bellouard, Colin Deschanvres, Guillaume Deslandes, Éric Dailly, Nathalie Asseray, Pascale Jolliet, David Boutoille, Benjamin Gaborit, Matthieu Grégoire
  • Endocarditis Caused by Highly Penicillin-Resistant Viridans Group Streptococci: Still Room for Vancomycin-Based Regimens
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Endocarditis Caused by Highly Penicillin-Resistant Viridans Group Streptococci: Still Room for Vancomycin-Based Regimens

    Optimal treatment options remain unknown for infective endocarditis (IE) caused by penicillin-resistant (PEN-R) viridans group streptococcal (VGS) strains. The aims of this study were to report two cases of highly PEN-R VGS IE, perform a literature review, and evaluate various antibiotic combinations in vitro and in vivo.

    Juan M. Pericàs, Ruvandhi Nathavitharana, Cristina Garcia-de-la-Mària, Carles Falces, Juan Ambrosioni, Manel Almela, Javier García-González, Eduard Quintana, Francesc Marco, Asunción Moreno, Arnold S. Bayer, José M. Miró, Adolf W. Karchmer, on behalf of the Hospital Clínic Endocarditis Study Group
  • Open Access
    Bicarbonate Resensitization of Methicillin-Resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> to β-Lactam Antibiotics
    Editor's Pick Susceptibility
    Bicarbonate Resensitization of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus to β-Lactam Antibiotics

    Endovascular infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are a major health care concern, especially infective endocarditis (IE). Standard antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) defines most MRSA strains as “resistant” to β-lactams, often leading to the use of costly and/or toxic treatment regimens. In this investigation, five prototype...

    Selvi C. Ersoy, Wessam Abdelhady, Liang Li, Henry F. Chambers, Yan Q. Xiong, Arnold S. Bayer
  • Adjunctive Clavulanic Acid Abolishes the Cefazolin Inoculum Effect in an Experimental Rat Model of Methicillin-Sensitive <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Staphylococcus aureus</span> Endocarditis
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Adjunctive Clavulanic Acid Abolishes the Cefazolin Inoculum Effect in an Experimental Rat Model of Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis

    We tested the ability of clavulanic acid to restore the efficacy of cefazolin against Staphylococcus aureus TX0117, which exhibits the cefazolin inoculum effect (CzIE). In the rat infective endocarditis model, the coadministration of cefazolin plus clavulanic acid resulted in a significant reduction of bacterial counts (7.1 ± 0.5 log10 CFU/g) compared to...

    William R. Miller, Kavindra V. Singh, Cesar A. Arias, Barbara E. Murray
  • Clinical Therapeutics
    Risk Factors and Outcomes of Endocarditis Due to Non-HACEK Gram-Negative Bacilli: Data from the Prospective Multicenter Italian Endocarditis Study Cohort
    Marco Falcone, Giusy Tiseo, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Veronica Ravasio, Francesco Barbaro, Maria Paola Ursi, Maria Bruna Pasticci, Matteo Bassetti, Paolo Grossi, Mario Venditti, Marco Rizzi
  • Experimental Therapeutics
    A Human Biofilm-Disrupting Monoclonal Antibody Potentiates Antibiotic Efficacy in Rodent Models of both Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii Infections
    Yan Q. Xiong, Angeles Estellés, L. Li, W. Abdelhady, R. Gonzales, Arnold S. Bayer, Edgar Tenorio, Anton Leighton, Stefan Ryser, Lawrence M. Kauvar
  • Experimental Therapeutics
    Pharmacodynamics of Ceftaroline plus Ampicillin against Enterococcus faecalis in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Model of Simulated Endocardial Vegetations
    Brian J. Werth, Laura M. Shireman

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