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MIC

  • Population Pharmacokinetics of Cycloserine and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Dosed with Terizidone
    Pharmacology
    Population Pharmacokinetics of Cycloserine and Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Target Attainment in Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Dosed with Terizidone

    Cycloserine is a WHO group B drug for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data for cycloserine when dosed as terizidone are sparse. The aim of this analysis was to describe the population pharmacokinetics of cycloserine when administered as terizidone and predict the doses of terizidone attaining cycloserine exposures associated with efficacy. The plasma cycloserine level was measured...

    Maxwell T. Chirehwa, Richard Court, Mariana de Kock, Lubbe Wiesner, Nihal de Vries, Joseph Harding, Tawanda Gumbo, Gary Maartens, Rob Warren, Paolo Denti, Helen McIlleron
  • Open Access
    Activity of Cefiderocol, Ceftazidime-Avibactam, and Eravacycline against Carbapenem-Resistant <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Escherichia coli</span> Isolates from the United States and International Sites in Relation to Clonal Background, Resistance Genes, Coresistance, and Region
    Epidemiology and Surveillance
    Activity of Cefiderocol, Ceftazidime-Avibactam, and Eravacycline against Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from the United States and International Sites in Relation to Clonal Background, Resistance Genes, Coresistance, and Region

    Emerging carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli, including sequence type 131 (ST131), the leading cause of extraintestinal E. coli infections globally, threatens therapeutic efficacy. Accordingly, we determined broth microdilution MICs for three distinctive newer agents, i.e., cefiderocol (CFDC...

    Brian D. Johnston, Paul Thuras, Stephen B. Porter, Melissa Anacker, Brittany VonBank, Paula Snippes Vagnone, Medora Witwer, Mariana Castanheira, James R. Johnson
  • Rezafungin <em>In Vitro</em> Activity against Contemporary Nordic Clinical <em>Candida</em> Isolates and <em>Candida auris</em> Determined by the EUCAST Reference Method
    Editor's Pick Susceptibility
    Rezafungin In Vitro Activity against Contemporary Nordic Clinical Candida Isolates and Candida auris Determined by the EUCAST Reference Method

    Rezafungin (formerly CD101) is a novel echinocandin in clinical development. EUCAST epidemiological cutoff values (ECOFFs) have not yet been established. We determined the in vitro activity of rezafungin and comparators against 1,293 Nordic yeast isolates and 122 Indian Candida auris isolates and established single-center wild-type upper limits (WT-UL). The...

    Marie Helleberg, Karin Meinike Jørgensen, Rasmus Krøger Hare, Raluca Datcu, Anuradha Chowdhary, Maiken Cavling Arendrup
  • MIC and Upper Limit of Wild-Type Distribution for 13 Antifungal Agents against a <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Trichophyton mentagrophytes</span>-<span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-2">Trichophyton interdigitale</span> Complex of Indian Origin
    Susceptibility
    MIC and Upper Limit of Wild-Type Distribution for 13 Antifungal Agents against a Trichophyton mentagrophytes-Trichophyton interdigitale Complex of Indian Origin

    Dermatophytosis due to the Trichophyton mentagrophytes-Trichophyton interdigitale complex is being increasingly reported across India. Reports of therapeutic failure have surfaced recently, but there are no clinical break points (CBP) or epidemiological cutoffs (ECVs) available to guide the treatment of dermatophytosis. In this study, a total of 498 isolates of the...

    Dipika Shaw, Shreya Singh, Sunil Dogra, Jyothi Jayaraman, Ramesh Bhat, Saumya Panda, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Nishat Anjum, Aruna Chowdappa, Mahantesh Nagamoti, Umesh Varshney, Hari Pankaj Vanam, Jayanthi Savio, Meryl Antony, Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy
  • Equations To Predict Antimicrobial MICs in <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Neisseria gonorrhoeae</span> Using Molecular Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Equations To Predict Antimicrobial MICs in Neisseria gonorrhoeae Using Molecular Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants

    The emergence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains that are resistant to azithromycin and extended-spectrum cephalosporins represents a public health threat, that of untreatable gonorrhea infections. Multivariate regression modeling was used to determine the contributions of molecular antimicrobial resistance determinants to the overall antimicrobial MICs for ceftriaxone...

    Walter Demczuk, Irene Martin, Pam Sawatzky, Vanessa Allen, Brigitte Lefebvre, Linda Hoang, Prenilla Naidu, Jessica Minion, Paul VanCaeseele, David Haldane, David W. Eyre, Michael R. Mulvey
  • Fluconazole Resistance in Isolates of Uncommon Pathogenic Yeast Species from the United Kingdom
    Susceptibility
    Fluconazole Resistance in Isolates of Uncommon Pathogenic Yeast Species from the United Kingdom

    The triazole drug fluconazole remains one of the most commonly prescribed antifungal drugs, both for prophylaxis in high-risk patients and also as a second-line treatment option for invasive Candida infections. Established susceptibility profiles and clinical interpretive breakpoints are available for fluconazole with...

    Andrew M. Borman, Julian Muller, Jo Walsh-Quantick, Adrien Szekely, Zoe Patterson, Michael D. Palmer, Mark Fraser, Elizabeth M. Johnson
  • Open Access
    Isoniazid Resistance in <em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> Is a Heterogeneous Phenotype Composed of Overlapping MIC Distributions with Different Underlying Resistance Mechanisms
    Mechanisms of Resistance
    Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is a Heterogeneous Phenotype Composed of Overlapping MIC Distributions with Different Underlying Resistance Mechanisms

    MIC testing using the Bactec mycobacteria growth indicator tube system 960 of 70 phylogenetically diverse, isoniazid-resistant clinical strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed a complex pattern of overlapping MIC distributions. Whole-genome sequencing explained most of the levels of resistance observed.

    Arash Ghodousi, Elisa Tagliani, Eranga Karunaratne, Stefan Niemann, Jennifer Perera, Claudio U. Köser, Daniela Maria Cirillo
  • High Prevalence of Bedaquiline Resistance in Treatment-Naive Tuberculosis Patients and Verapamil Effectiveness
    Susceptibility
    High Prevalence of Bedaquiline Resistance in Treatment-Naive Tuberculosis Patients and Verapamil Effectiveness

    In the regions where bedaquiline (BDQ) is introduced into the regimen, analysis of MIC and screening for preexisting resistance mutations could be crucial. The high prevalence of isolates with high BDQ MICs without prior exposure to BDQ was worrisome.

    Hasan Ghajavand, Mansour Kargarpour Kamakoli, Sharareh Khanipour, Shahin Pourazar Dizaji, Morteza Masoumi, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyed Davar Siadat, Farzam Vaziri
  • Open Access
    Outcomes by MIC Values for Patients Treated with Isavuconazole or Voriconazole for Invasive Aspergillosis in the Phase 3 SECURE and VITAL Trials
    Susceptibility
    Outcomes by MIC Values for Patients Treated with Isavuconazole or Voriconazole for Invasive Aspergillosis in the Phase 3 SECURE and VITAL Trials

    This pooled analysis evaluated the relationship of isavuconazole and voriconazole MICs of Aspergillus pathogens at baseline with all-cause mortality and clinical outcomes following treatment with either drug in the SECURE and VITAL trials. Isavuconazole and voriconazole may have had reduced efficacy against pathogens with drug MICs of ≥16 µg/ml, but there was no relationship with clinical outcomes in cases where the MIC was...

    David R. Andes, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Laura L. Kovanda, Qiaoyang Lu, Mark E. Jones, Anne Santerre Henriksen, Christopher Lademacher, William W. Hope
  • Open Access
    Effects of Microplate Type and Broth Additives on Microdilution MIC Susceptibility Assays
    Analytical Procedures
    Effects of Microplate Type and Broth Additives on Microdilution MIC Susceptibility Assays

    The determination of antibiotic potency against bacterial strains by assessment of their minimum inhibitory concentration normally uses a standardized broth microdilution assay procedure developed more than 50 years ago. However, certain antibiotics require modified assay conditions in order to observe optimal activity.

    Angela Kavanagh, Soumya Ramu, Yujing Gong, Matthew A. Cooper, Mark A. T. Blaskovich

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