pharmacokinetics
Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacodynamics of Posaconazole in Experimental Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Utility of Serum Galactomannan as a Dynamic Endpoint of Antifungal EfficacyAspergillus galactomannan antigenemia is an accepted tool for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in neutropenic patients. Little is known, however, about the utility of this biomarker to assess the efficacy of antifungal therapies. The pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of posaconazole in treatment and prophylaxis were investigated in the persistently neutropenic rabbit model of...
Clinical TherapeuticsEvaluation of Linezolid Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Obese Patients with Severe Skin and Soft Tissue InfectionsLinezolid standard dosing is fixed at 600 mg every 12 h (q12h) for adults. Literature suggests critically ill, obese patients require higher doses.
Clinical TherapeuticsPopulation Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Analysis of Tribendimidine To Improve Treatment for Children with Hookworm InfectionTribendimidine has been successful in treating hookworm infections and may serve as an alternative to albendazole should resistance arise. Our aims were to (i) characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of tribendimidine’s primary metabolite, deacetylated amidantel (dADT), and secondary metabolite, acetylated derivative of amidantel (adADT), in school-aged children and adolescents, (ii) link exposure to efficacy against hookworm, and (iii)...
PharmacologyPretomanid Pharmacokinetics in the Presence of Rifamycins: Interim Results from a Randomized Trial among Patients with TuberculosisShorter, more potent regimens are needed for tuberculosis. The nitroimidazole pretomanid was recently approved for extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in combination with bedaquiline and linezolid.
Experimental TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics of Benznidazole in Experimental Chronic Chagas Disease Using the Swiss Mouse–Berenice-78 Trypanosoma cruzi Strain ModelChronic Chagas disease might have an impact on benznidazole pharmacokinetics with potential alterations in the therapeutic dosing regimen. This study aims to investigate the influence of chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection on the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of benznidazole in mice.
Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacometric Analysis of Tribendimidine Monotherapy and Combination Therapies To Achieve High Cure Rates in Patients with Hookworm InfectionsIn the treatment of hookworm infections, pharmacotherapy has been only moderately successful and drug resistance is a threat. Therefore, novel treatment options including combination therapies should be considered, in which tribendimidine could play a role. Our aims were to (i) characterize the pharmacokinetics of tribendimidine’s metabolites in adolescents receiving tribendimidine monotherapy or in combination with ivermectin or...
Experimental TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics and Time-Kill Study of Inhaled Antipseudomonal Bacteriophage Therapy in MiceInhaled bacteriophage (phage) therapy is a potential alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. However, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of phages are fundamentally different from antibiotics and the lack of understanding potentially limits optimal dosing. The aim of this study...
Experimental TherapeuticsIs Once-Daily High-Dose Ceftriaxone plus Ampicillin an Alternative for Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Programs?Ceftriaxone administered as once-daily high-dose short infusion combined with ampicillin has been proposed for the treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis in outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy programs (OPAT). This combination requires synergistic activity, but the attainment of ceftriaxone synergic concentration (Cs) with the regimen proposed...
Clinical TherapeuticsA Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Antibiotic Pharmacokinetic Data in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Critically Ill Patients with Uninflamed MeningesVentriculostomy-associated infections in critically ill patients remain therapeutically challenging because of drug- and disease-related factors that contribute to suboptimal antibiotic concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid. Optimal antibiotic dosing for the treatment and prevention of such infections should be based on robust and contextually specific pharmacokinetic data. The objects of this study were to describe and critically...
