pharmacokinetics
Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics of Caspofungin in Critically Ill Patients in Relation to Liver Dysfunction: Differential Impact of Plasma Albumin and Bilirubin LevelsCaspofungin has a liver-dependent metabolism. Reduction of the dose is recommended based on Child-Pugh (C-P) score.
Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics of Levofloxacin in Children Treated for Exposure to Drug-Resistant TuberculosisLevofloxacin is used to treat and prevent drug-resistant tuberculosis in children. We assessed levofloxacin serum drug concentrations in 24 children aged 2 to 10 years who received levofloxacin-based tuberculosis preventive therapy in Karachi, Pakistan.
PharmacologyEvaluation of Saliva as a Potential Alternative Sampling Matrix for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Levofloxacin in Patients with Multidrug-Resistant TuberculosisSaliva may be a useful alternative matrix for monitoring levofloxacin concentrations in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the correlation between plasma and salivary levofloxacin (Lfx) concentrations in MDR-TB patients and (ii) to gauge the possibility of using saliva as an alternative sampling matrix for therapeutic drug monitoring of Lfx in areas where TB is endemic...
Clinical TherapeuticsCycloserine Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Patients with TuberculosisLimited pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data exist on cycloserine in tuberculosis (TB) patients. We pooled several studies into a large PK data set to estimate the population PK parameters for cycloserine in TB patients.
PharmacologyRevising Pediatric Vancomycin Dosing Accounting for Nephrotoxicity in a Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic ModelThis study aimed to suggest an initial pediatric vancomycin dose regimen through population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling. A population pharmacokinetic approach was used to analyze vancomycin concentration-time data from a large pediatric cohort.
Clinical TherapeuticsSoftware for Dosage Individualization of Voriconazole: a Prospective Clinical StudyVoriconazole is a first-line antifungal agent. Therapeutic drug monitoring is a standard of care.
Antiviral AgentsPopulation Pharmacokinetics of Doravirine and Exposure-Response Analysis in Individuals with HIV-1Doravirine is a novel nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection. A population pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed for doravirine using pooled data from densely sampled phase 1 trials and from sparsely sampled phase 2b and phase 3 trials evaluating doravirine administered orally as a single entity or as part of a fixed-dose combination of doravirine-lamivudine...
PharmacologyRace/Ethnicity and Protease Inhibitor Use Influence Plasma Tenofovir Exposure in Adults Living with HIV-1 in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5202AIDS Clinical Trial Group study A5202 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00118898) was a phase 3b, randomized, partially blinded equivalence study of open-label atazanavir/ritonavir or efavirenz, plus either placebo-controlled tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine or abacavir/lamivudine, in treatment-naive adults living with HIV-1, evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability. We report an analysis of the contribution of...
PharmacologyCefepime Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement TherapyThis retrospective study included pediatric intensive care unit patients receiving continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) being treated with cefepime. The free drug concentration above one time the MIC (fT>1×MIC) and four times a presumed MIC (fT>4×MIC) of 8 μg/ml were calculated.
Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics of Albendazole, Albendazole Sulfoxide, and Albendazole Sulfone Determined from Plasma, Blood, Dried-Blood Spots, and Mitra Samples of Hookworm-Infected AdolescentsAlbendazole is an effective anthelmintic intensively used for decades. However, profound pharmacokinetic (PK) characterization is missing in children, the population mostly affected by helminth infections.