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pharmacokinetics

  • Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Analysis of Tribendimidine To Improve Treatment for Children with Hookworm Infection
    Clinical Therapeutics
    Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Analysis of Tribendimidine To Improve Treatment for Children with Hookworm Infection

    Tribendimidine has been successful in treating hookworm infections and may serve as an alternative to albendazole should resistance arise. Our aims were to (i) characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK) of tribendimidine’s primary metabolite, deacetylated amidantel (dADT), and secondary metabolite, acetylated derivative of amidantel (adADT), in school-aged children and adolescents, (ii) link exposure to efficacy against hookworm, and (iii)...

    Janneke M. Brussee, Noemi Hiroshige, Anna Neodo, Jean T. Coulibaly, Marc Pfister, Jennifer Keiser
  • Might Confounding Factors Have an Effect on Suboptimal Dosing of Fluconazole in Critically Ill Patients?
    Letter to the Editor
    Might Confounding Factors Have an Effect on Suboptimal Dosing of Fluconazole in Critically Ill Patients?
    Emre Kara, Aygin Bayraktar Ekincioglu, Gokhan Metan
  • Pharmacokinetics and Time-Kill Study of Inhaled Antipseudomonal Bacteriophage Therapy in Mice
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Pharmacokinetics and Time-Kill Study of Inhaled Antipseudomonal Bacteriophage Therapy in Mice

    Inhaled bacteriophage (phage) therapy is a potential alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. However, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of phages are fundamentally different from antibiotics and the lack of understanding potentially limits optimal dosing. The aim of this study...

    Michael Y. T. Chow, Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang, Mengyu Li, Yuncheng Wang, Yu Lin, Sandra Morales, Andrew J. McLachlan, Elizabeth Kutter, Jian Li, Hak-Kim Chan
  • Is Once-Daily High-Dose Ceftriaxone plus Ampicillin an Alternative for <span class="named-content genus-species" id="named-content-1">Enterococcus faecalis</span> Infective Endocarditis in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Programs?
    Experimental Therapeutics
    Is Once-Daily High-Dose Ceftriaxone plus Ampicillin an Alternative for Enterococcus faecalis Infective Endocarditis in Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy Programs?

    Ceftriaxone administered as once-daily high-dose short infusion combined with ampicillin has been proposed for the treatment of Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis in outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy programs (OPAT). This combination requires synergistic activity, but the attainment of ceftriaxone synergic concentration (Cs) with the regimen proposed...

    Laura Herrera-Hidalgo, Arístides de Alarcón, Luis Eduardo López-Cortes, Rafael Luque-Márquez, Luis Fernando López-Cortes, Alicia Gutiérrez-Valencia, María Victoria Gil-Navarro
    and on behalf of Grupo para el Estudio de las Infecciones Cardiovasculares de la Sociedad Andaluza de Enfermedades Infecciosas
  • A Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Antibiotic Pharmacokinetic Data in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Critically Ill Patients with Uninflamed Meninges
    Clinical Therapeutics
    A Systematic Review of Studies Reporting Antibiotic Pharmacokinetic Data in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Critically Ill Patients with Uninflamed Meninges

    Ventriculostomy-associated infections in critically ill patients remain therapeutically challenging because of drug- and disease-related factors that contribute to suboptimal antibiotic concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid. Optimal antibiotic dosing for the treatment and prevention of such infections should be based on robust and contextually specific pharmacokinetic data. The objects of this study were to describe and critically...

    Nilesh Kumta, Jason A. Roberts, Jeffrey Lipman, Wai Tat Wong, Gavin M. Joynt, Menino Osbert Cotta
  • Isavuconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring during Long-Term Treatment for Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis
    Pharmacology
    Isavuconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring during Long-Term Treatment for Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis

    Isavuconazole is the newest triazole antifungal, and it displays a favorable pharmacokinetic and safety profile. Less is known about its long-term use in immunocompetent hosts. We performed a retrospective service evaluation of isavuconazole therapeutic drug monitoring in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Adverse events (AEs) and dose adjustments made during routine clinical practice were recorded, and AEs were classified...

    Chris Kosmidis, Akan Otu, Caroline B. Moore, Malcolm D. Richardson, Riina Rautemaa-Richardson
  • Low Tenofovir Plasma Exposure in HIV Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Recipients with Gastrointestinal Disorders
    Antiviral Agents
    Low Tenofovir Plasma Exposure in HIV Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Recipients with Gastrointestinal Disorders

    Four pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users with gastrointestinal disorders (sleeve gastrectomy, terminal ileitis, celiac disease, or chronic diarrhea) and receiving oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) were included. Despite self-reported high adherence, trough plasma tenofovir concentrations (after supervised intake) were significantly lower in these patients than in PrEP recipients without gastrointestinal...

    Andrea Calcagno, Ivano Dal Conte, Dario Cattaneo, Roberto Testi, Massimiliano Mistrangelo, Cristina Gervasoni, Amedeo de Nicolò, Stefano Bonora, Antonio D’Avolio, Giovanni Di Perri
  • Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Fosfomycin after Continuous Infusion Compared with Intermittent Infusion: a Randomized Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers
    Clinical Therapeutics
    Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Fosfomycin after Continuous Infusion Compared with Intermittent Infusion: a Randomized Crossover Study in Healthy Volunteers

    Continuous infusion (CON) of fosfomycin has been proposed as potentially advantageous in certain clinical scenarios. However, no clinical data on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of fosfomycin after CON are available to date. This study aimed to investigate the PK of fosfomycin after CON and compare it with intermittent infusion (INT) of fosfomycin. A randomized two-way crossover study including 8 healthy male volunteers was performed. Each...

    Valentin al Jalali, Peter Matzneller, Beatrix Wulkersdorfer, Scharon Chou, Soma Bahmany, Birgit C. P. Koch, Markus Zeitlinger
  • Pharmacokinetic Model for Cefuroxime Dosing during Cardiac Surgery under Cardiopulmonary Bypass
    Pharmacology
    Pharmacokinetic Model for Cefuroxime Dosing during Cardiac Surgery under Cardiopulmonary Bypass

    Cefuroxime (CXM) is an antibiotic recommended for surgical site infection prevention in cardiac surgery. However, the dosing regimens commonly used do not sustain therapeutic concentrations throughout surgery. The aim of this study was to conduct a population analysis of CXM pharmacokinetics (PK), and to propose an optimized dosing regimen. Adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) received a 1,500 mg...

    J. Lanoiselée, P. J. Zufferey, S. Hodin, N. Tamisier, L. Gergelé, J. C. Palao, S. Campisi, S. Molliex, J. Morel, X. Delavenne, E. Ollier
  • A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Continuous Infusion of Cloxacillin during <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> Bone and Joint Infections
    Clinical Therapeutics
    A Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis of Continuous Infusion of Cloxacillin during Staphylococcus aureus Bone and Joint Infections

    Intravenous administration of antibiotics is recommended during the early phase of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bone and joint infection (BJI). We sought to compare the plasma concentrations of cloxacillin administered alternately by continuous and intermittent infusion (CI and ItI) in patients with MSSA BJI. In this prospective crossover trial, patients...

    Johan Courjon, Margaux Garzaro, Pierre-Marie Roger, Raymond Ruimy, Thibaud Lavrut, Mikaël Chelli, Jean-Luc Raynier, David Chirio, Elisa Demonchy, Laura Cabane, François Jehl, Christophe Trojani, Antoine Grillon, Sylvain Goutelle

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