Plasmodium falciparum
Mechanisms of ResistanceModification of pfap2μ and pfubp1 Markedly Reduces Ring-Stage Susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to Artemisinin In VitroManagement of uncomplicated malaria worldwide is threatened by the emergence in Asia of Plasmodium falciparum carrying variants of the pfk13 locus and exhibiting reduced susceptibility to artemisinin. Mutations in two other genes, ubp1 and ap2μ, are associated with artemisinin resistance in rodent malaria and with clinical failure of...
Clinical TherapeuticsA Single-Dose Combination Study with the Experimental Antimalarials Artefenomel and DSM265 To Determine Safety and Antimalarial Activity against Blood-Stage Plasmodium falciparum in Healthy VolunteersArtefenomel and DSM265 are two new compounds that have been shown to be well tolerated and effective when administered as monotherapy malaria treatment. This study aimed to determine the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of artefenomel and DSM265 administered in combination to healthy subjects in a volunteer infection study using the Plasmodium falciparum...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceNo Evidence of Plasmodium falciparum k13 Artemisinin Resistance-Conferring Mutations over a 24-Year Analysis in Coastal Kenya but a Near Complete Reversion to Chloroquine-Sensitive ParasitesAntimalarial drug resistance is a substantial impediment to malaria control. The spread of resistance has been described using genetic markers, which are important epidemiological tools. We carried out a temporal analysis of changes in allele frequencies of 12 drug resistance markers over 2 decades of changing antimalarial drug policy in Kenya.
PharmacologyKinetic Driver of Antibacterial Drugs against Plasmodium falciparum and Implications for Clinical DosingAntibacterial drugs are an important component of malaria therapy. We studied the interactions of clindamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin against Plasmodium falciparum under static and dynamic conditions. In microtiter plate assays (static conditions), and as expected, parasites displayed the delayed death response characteristic for apicoplast-...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceMolecular Surveillance of Drug Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates Imported from Angola in Henan Province, ChinaAngola was the main origin country for the imported malaria in Henan Province, China. Antimalarial drug resistance has posed a threat to the control and elimination of malaria. Several molecular markers were confirmed to be associated with the antimalarial drug resistance, such as pfcrt, pfmdr1, pfdhfr, pfdhps, and K13. This study evaluated the drug resistance of the 180 imported...
Clinical TherapeuticsEfficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for the Treatment of Malaria in Western CambodiaThis single-arm trial (n = 104) in western Cambodia showed high efficacy for 3-day treatment with pyronaridine-artesunate plus single-dose primaquine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceThe Diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum K13 Propeller Domain Did Not Increase after Implementation of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy in UgandaArtemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the standard of care to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria. However, resistance to artemisinins, defined as delayed parasite clearance after therapy, has emerged in Southeast Asia, and the spread of resistance to sub-Saharan Africa could have devastating consequences.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceEvolution and Genetic Diversity of the k13 Gene Associated with Artemisinin Delayed Parasite Clearance in Plasmodium falciparumMutations in the Plasmodium falciparum k13 (Pfk13) gene are linked to delayed parasite clearance in response to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in Southeast Asia. To explore the evolutionary rate and constraints acting on this gene, k13 orthologs from species sharing a recent common ancestor with...
SusceptibilityIvermectin Impairs the Development of Sexual and Asexual Stages of Plasmodium falciparum In VitroIvermectin is the drug of choice for many parasitic infections, with more than one billion doses being distributed in onchocerciasis programs. The drug has been put into focus recently by the malaria community because of its potential to kill blood-sucking mosquitoes, thereby reducing malaria transmission.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceBaseline Ex Vivo and Molecular Responses of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates to Piperaquine before Implementation of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine in SenegalDihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, which was registered in 2017 in Senegal, is not currently used as the first-line treatment against uncomplicated malaria. A total of 6.6% to 17.1% of P. falciparum isolates collected in Dakar in 2013 to 2015 showed ex vivo-reduced susceptibility to piperaquine.