Plasmodium falciparum
Epidemiology and SurveillanceEvolution and Genetic Diversity of the k13 Gene Associated with Artemisinin Delayed Parasite Clearance in Plasmodium falciparumMutations in the Plasmodium falciparum k13 (Pfk13) gene are linked to delayed parasite clearance in response to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in Southeast Asia. To explore the evolutionary rate and constraints acting on this gene, k13 orthologs from species sharing a recent common ancestor with...
SusceptibilityIvermectin Impairs the Development of Sexual and Asexual Stages of Plasmodium falciparum In VitroIvermectin is the drug of choice for many parasitic infections, with more than one billion doses being distributed in onchocerciasis programs. The drug has been put into focus recently by the malaria community because of its potential to kill blood-sucking mosquitoes, thereby reducing malaria transmission.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceBaseline Ex Vivo and Molecular Responses of Plasmodium falciparum Isolates to Piperaquine before Implementation of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine in SenegalDihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, which was registered in 2017 in Senegal, is not currently used as the first-line treatment against uncomplicated malaria. A total of 6.6% to 17.1% of P. falciparum isolates collected in Dakar in 2013 to 2015 showed ex vivo-reduced susceptibility to piperaquine.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceMutation Profile of pfdhfr and pfdhps in Plasmodium falciparum among Returned Chinese Migrant Workers from AfricaWe evaluated markers of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance in Plasmodium falciparum among 254 returned migrant workers in China from Africa from 2013 to 2016. High prevalences of pfdhfr (97.2%) and pfdhps (96.5%) mutations were observed.
Mechanisms of ResistanceIdentification of Antimalarial Compounds That Require CLAG3 for Their Uptake by Plasmodium falciparum-Infected ErythrocytesDuring the intraerythrocytic asexual cycle malaria parasites acquire nutrients and other solutes through a broad selectivity channel localized at the membrane of the infected erythrocyte termed the plasmodial surface anion channel (PSAC). The protein product of the Plasmodium falciparum clonally variant clag3.1 and clag3.2 genes determines PSAC...
Experimental TherapeuticsViability Screen of LOPAC1280 Reveals Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Tyrphostin A9 as a Novel Partner Drug for Artesunate Combinations To Target the Plasmodium falciparum Ring StageThe emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum poses a major threat to current frontline artemisinin combination therapies. Artemisinin resistance is widely associated with mutations in the P. falciparum Kelch13 (PfKelch13) propeller region, leading to delayed parasite clearance and...
Clinical TherapeuticsEfficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Eastern CambodiaIn Cambodia, multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum undermines the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, and new therapeutic options are needed. Pyronaridine-artesunate has not previously been evaluated in eastern Cambodia.
Experimental TherapeuticsEvaluation of 4-Amino 2-Anilinoquinazolines against Plasmodium and Other Apicomplexan Parasites In Vitro and in a P. falciparum Humanized NOD-scid IL2Rγnull Mouse Model of MalariaA series of 4-amino 2-anilinoquinazolines optimized for activity against the most lethal malaria parasite of humans, Plasmodium falciparum, was evaluated for activity against other human Plasmodium parasites and related apicomplexans that infect humans and animals. Four of the most promising compounds from the 4-amino 2-anilinoquinazoline series were equally...
PharmacologyPopulation Pharmacokinetics of Mefloquine Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Pregnancy in GabonMefloquine was evaluated as an alternative for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) due to increasing resistance against the first-line drug sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). This study determined the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the mefloquine stereoisomers and the metabolite carboxymefloquine (CMQ) when given as IPTp in pregnant women.
Mechanisms of Action: Physiological EffectsHost Cell Metabolism Contributes to Delayed-Death Kinetics of Apicoplast Inhibitors in Toxoplasma gondiiToxoplasma gondii and related human parasites contain an essential plastid organelle called the apicoplast. Clinically used antibiotics and other inhibitors that disrupt apicoplast biogenesis cause a mysterious “delayed-death” phenotype in which parasite growth is unaffected during the first lytic cycle of inhibitor treatment but is severely inhibited in the second...