Plasmodium vivax
Mechanisms of ResistanceInfluence of CYP2C8, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5 Host Genotypes on Early Recurrence of Plasmodium vivaxCytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are involved in the biotransformation of chloroquine (CQ), but the role of the different profiles of metabolism of this drug in relation to Plasmodium vivax recurrences has not been properly investigated. To investigate the influence of the CYP genotypes associated with CQ metabolism on the rates of...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceNovel Insights into Plasmodium vivax Therapeutic Failure: CYP2D6 Activity and Time of Exposure to Malaria Modulate the Risk of RecurrencePlasmodium vivax relapse is one of the major causes of sustained global malaria transmission. Primaquine (PQ) is the only commercial drug available to prevent relapses, and its efficacy is dependent on metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Impaired CYP2D6 function, caused by allelic polymorphisms, leads to the therapeutic failure of PQ as a radical...
SusceptibilityIn Vivo Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of the 2-Aminomethylphenol Antimalarial JPC-3210 in the Aotus Monkey-Human Malaria ModelNonimmune Aotus monkeys infected with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax were cured of their infections when treated with a single oral dose of 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg of the 2-aminomethylphenol, JPC-3210, respectively. Corresponding mean blood elimination half-lives of JPC-3210 were...
Clinical TherapeuticsEfficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for the Treatment of Malaria in Western CambodiaThis single-arm trial (n = 104) in western Cambodia showed high efficacy for 3-day treatment with pyronaridine-artesunate plus single-dose primaquine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
Epidemiology and SurveillanceEvolution and Genetic Diversity of the k13 Gene Associated with Artemisinin Delayed Parasite Clearance in Plasmodium falciparumMutations in the Plasmodium falciparum k13 (Pfk13) gene are linked to delayed parasite clearance in response to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in Southeast Asia. To explore the evolutionary rate and constraints acting on this gene, k13 orthologs from species sharing a recent common ancestor with...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceMonitoring the Efficacy of Chloroquine-Primaquine Therapy for Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Main Transmission Hot Spot of BrazilEmerging Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine (CQ) may undermine malaria elimination efforts in South America. CQ-resistant P. vivax has been found in the major port city of Manaus but not in the main malaria hot spots across the Amazon Basin of Brazil, where CQ is routinely coadministered...
- Experimental TherapeuticsReversal of Chloroquine Resistance of Plasmodium vivax in Aotus Monkeys
Chloroquine-resistant (CQR) vivax malaria has emerged as a threat to the malaria elimination agenda. The objective of this study was to assess if a combination of chloroquine (CQ) and prochlorperazine was able to reverse CQ resistance of the Plasmodium vivax AMRU-1 strain from Papua New Guinea in infected ...