polymyxin B
PharmacologySequential Time-Kill, a Simple Experimental Trick To Discriminate between Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Models with Distinct Heterogeneous Subpopulations versus Homogenous Population with Adaptive ResistanceExperiments were conducted with polymyxin B and two Klebsiella pneumonia isogenic strains (the wild type, KP_WT, and its transconjugant carrying the mobile colistin resistance gene, KP_MCR-1) to demonstrate that conducting two consecutive time-kill experiments (sequential TK) represents a simple approach to discriminate between pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics models...
PharmacologyEvaluation of Dose-Fractionated Polymyxin B on Acute Kidney Injury Using a Translational In Vivo Rat ModelWe investigated dose-fractionated polymyxin B (PB) on acute kidney injury (AKI). PB at 12 mg of drug/kg of body weight per day (once, twice, and thrice daily) was administered in rats over 72 h. The thrice-daily group demonstrated the highest KIM-1 increase (P = 0.018) versus that of the controls (P = 0.99) and histopathological damage (P = 0.013). A three-compartment model best described the data (bias, 0....
CommentaryPolymyxin Susceptibility Testing and Interpretive Breakpoints: Recommendations from the United States Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (USCAST)The polymyxins are important agents for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli. The United States Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoint recommendations for colistin and polymyxin B are that isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and ...
Editor's Pick Epidemiology and SurveillanceEscherichia coli Harboring mcr-1 in a Cluster of Liver Transplant Recipients: Detection through Active Surveillance and Whole-Genome Sequencingmcr-1, a plasmid-associated gene for colistin resistance, was first described in China in 2015, but its spread in the United States is unknown. We report detection of mcr-1-carrying Escherichia coli ST117 in a cluster of three liver transplant recipients.
- Clinical TherapeuticsNephrotoxicity Associated with Intravenous Polymyxin B Once- versus Twice-Daily Dosing Regimen
Nephrotoxicity is a known adverse effect of polymyxin B (PMB). Animal data suggest that once-daily dosing may reduce the rate and delay the onset of acute kidney injury (AKI).
- Clinical TherapeuticsPopulation Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Polymyxin B from Clinical Samples