Pseudomonas aeruginosa
SusceptibilityPseudomonas aeruginosa Susceptibility Patterns and Associated Clinical Outcomes in People with Cystic Fibrosis following Approval of Aztreonam Lysine for InhalationThe approval of aztreonam lysine for inhalation solution (AZLI) raised concerns that additional antibiotic exposure would potentially affect the susceptibility profiles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This 5-year, prospective, observational study tracked susceptibility changes and clinical outcomes in CF patients in the United States with chronic P. aeruginosa infection.
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PharmacologyThe Polyaminoisoprenyl Potentiator NV716 Revives Old Disused Antibiotics against Intracellular Forms of Infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosaActive efflux confers intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including old disused molecules. Beside resistance, intracellular survival is another reason for failure to eradicate bacteria with antibiotics.
Mechanisms of ResistanceMechanisms of Resistance to Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Results of the GERPA Multicenter StudyResistance mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) were assessed on a collection of 420 nonredundant strains nonsusceptible to ceftazidime (MIC > 8 μg/ml) and/or imipenem (>4 μg/ml), collected by 36 French hospital laboratories over a one-month period (the GERPA study). Rates of C/T resistance (MIC > 4/4 μg/ml) were equal to 10%...
Experimental TherapeuticsShort-Term Effects of Appropriate Empirical Antimicrobial Treatment with Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in a Swine Model of Nosocomial PneumoniaThe rising frequency of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant (MDR/XDR) pathogens is making more frequent the inappropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy (IEAT) in nosocomial pneumonia, which is associated with increased mortality. We aim to determine the short-term benefits of appropriate empirical antimicrobial treatment (AEAT) with ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) compared with IEAT with piperacillin/tazobactam (TZP) in...
Mechanisms of ResistancePseudomonas aeruginosa Polynucleotide Phosphorylase Controls Tolerance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics by Regulating the MexXY Multidrug Efflux PumpPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that shows high intrinsic resistance to a variety of antibiotics. The MexX-MexY-OprM efflux pump plays an important role in bacterial resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Experimental TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics and Time-Kill Study of Inhaled Antipseudomonal Bacteriophage Therapy in MiceInhaled bacteriophage (phage) therapy is a potential alternative to conventional antibiotic therapy to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. However, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of phages are fundamentally different from antibiotics and the lack of understanding potentially limits optimal dosing. The aim of this study...
SusceptibilityIn Vitro Activity of Cefepime-Zidebactam, Ceftazidime-Avibactam, and Other Comparators against Clinical Isolates of Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii: Results from China Antimicrobial Surveillance Network (CHINET) in 2018This study evaluated the in vitro activity of cefepime-zidebactam in comparison with that of ceftazidime-avibactam and other comparators against clinically significant Gram-negative bacillus isolates. A total of 3,400 nonduplicate Gram-negative clinical isolates were collected from 45 medical centers across China in the CHINET Program in 2018, including Enterobacterales (n = 2,228),...
SusceptibilityIn Vitro Activity of Cefiderocol, a Siderophore Cephalosporin, against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative BacteriaCefiderocol is a parenteral siderophore cephalosporin with a catechol-containing 3′ substituent. We evaluated its MICs against Gram-negative bacteria, using iron-depleted Mueller-Hinton broth. The panel comprised 305 isolates of Enterobacterales, 111 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 99 of ...
Clinical TherapeuticsOutcomes in Participants with Renal Impairment from a Phase 3 Clinical Trial for Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment of Nosocomial Pneumonia (ASPECT-NP)In the phase 3 ASPECT-NP trial (NCT02070757), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) was noninferior to meropenem for treatment of Gram-negative ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (vHABP/VABP). Here, we report outcomes in participants from ASPECT-NP with renal impairment (RI). Participants were categorized by their baseline renal function as follows: normal renal function (NRF;...
Mechanisms of ResistanceEffect of Sub-MICs of Macrolides on the Sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Nitrosative Stress: Effectiveness against P. aeruginosa with and without Multidrug ResistanceSub-MICs of the 14-membered macrolides erythromycin (EM) and clarithromycin (CAM) decreased the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and increased its sensitivity to endogenous and exogenous nitrosative stress. However, a 16-membered macrolide, josamycin (JM), was not or less effective. In 9 of 13 non-multidrug-resistant...