resistance
SusceptibilityIn Vitro Resistance and Evolution of Resistance to Tavaborole in Trichophyton rubrumTavaborole is currently used in the topical treatment of onychomycosis. In this study, we analyzed the in vitro emergence/evolution of resistance against tavaborole in Trichophyton rubrum.
Mechanisms of ResistanceRifabutin Is Inactivated by Mycobacterium abscessus ArrMycobacterium abscessus exhibits arr (ADP-ribosyltransferase)-dependent rifampin resistance. In apparent contrast, rifabutin (RBT) has demonstrated promising activity in M. abscessus infection models, implying that RBT might not be inactivated by Arr.
PharmacologyA Single- and Multiple-Dose Study To Characterize the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Imipenem and Relebactam in Healthy Chinese ParticipantsRelebactam/imipenem/cilastatin is approved in the United States to treat complicated urinary tract and intra-abdominal infections in patients who have limited or no alternative treatment options and hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP)/ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (VABP). Initial pharmacokinetic, safety, and tolerability studies of relebactam with and without imipenem/cilastatin included mostly Caucasian...
Mechanisms of ResistanceBurkholderia ubonensis High-Level Tetracycline Resistance Is Due to Efflux Pump Synergy Involving a Novel TetA(64) Resistance DeterminantBurkholderia ubonensis, a nonpathogenic soil bacterium belonging to the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), is highly resistant to some clinically significant antibiotics. The concern is that B. ubonensis may serve as a resistance reservoir for Bcc or...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceContinued Low Efficacy of Artemether-Lumefantrine in Angola in 2019Biennial therapeutic efficacy monitoring is a crucial activity for ensuring the efficacy of currently used artemisinin-based combination therapy in Angola. Children with acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection in sentinel sites in the Benguela, Zaire, and Lunda Sul Provinces were treated with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) or artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ)...
SusceptibilityIn Vitro Activity Analysis of a New Polymyxin, SPR741, Tested in Combination with Antimicrobial Agents against a Challenge Set of Enterobacteriaceae, Including Molecularly Characterized StrainsThe activities of azithromycin, fusidic acid, vancomycin, doxycycline, and minocycline were evaluated alone and in combination with SPR741. A total of 202 Escherichia coli and 221 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were selected, and they included a genome-sequenced subset (n = 267), which was...
Editor's Pick Mechanisms of ResistanceMutations in fbiD (Rv2983) as a Novel Determinant of Resistance to Pretomanid and Delamanid in Mycobacterium tuberculosisThe nitroimidazole prodrugs delamanid and pretomanid comprise one of only two new antimicrobial classes approved to treat tuberculosis (TB) in 50 years. Prior in vitro studies suggest a relatively low barrier to nitroimidazole resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but clinical evidence is limited to date. We selected pretomanid-resistant...
Antiviral AgentsMutations Identified in the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Polymerase of Patients with Chronic HCV Treated with Ribavirin Cause Resistance and Affect Viral Replication FidelityRibavirin has been used for 25 years to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection; however, its antiviral mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we studied virus evolution in a subset of samples from a randomized 24-week trial of ribavirin monotherapy versus placebo in chronic HCV patients, as well as the viral resistance mechanisms of the observed ribavirin-associated mutations in cell culture. Thus, we...
Mechanisms of ResistanceEffect of Exposure to Chlorhexidine Residues at “During Use” Concentrations on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile, Efflux, Conjugative Plasmid Transfer, and Metabolism of Escherichia coliThere is no standardized protocol to predict the concentration levels of microbicides that are left on surfaces as a result of the use of these products, and there is no standardized method to predict the potential risk that such levels pose to emerging antibacterial resistance. The ability to distinguish between selection and adaption processes for antimicrobial resistance in bacteria and the impact of different concentrations of...
SusceptibilityIn Vitro Activity of Manogepix against Multidrug-Resistant and Panresistant Candida auris from the New York OutbreakAn ongoing Candida auris outbreak in the New York metropolitan area is the largest recorded to date in North America. Laboratory surveillance revealed NY C. auris isolates are resistant to fluconazole, with variable resistance to other currently used broad-spectrum antifungal drugs, and that several...