Staphylococcus aureus
Experimental TherapeuticsIn Vivo Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Omadacycline against Staphylococcus aureus in the Neutropenic Mouse Pneumonia ModelOmadacycline is an effective therapy for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Given its potent activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), we sought to determine the pharmacodynamic activity and target pharmacokinetic/...
Experimental TherapeuticsExebacase Demonstrates In Vitro Synergy with a Broad Range of Antibiotics against both Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureusIn vitro synergy between an antimicrobial protein lysin (cell wall hydrolase) called exebacase and each of 12 different antibiotics was examined against Staphylococcus aureus isolates using a nonstandard medium approved for exebacase susceptibility testing by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. In the checkerboard assay format, fractional...
Experimental TherapeuticsEfficacy of Bacteriophages in a Staphylococcus aureus Nondiabetic or Diabetic Foot Infection Murine ModelThis study investigated the in vivo efficacy of three bacteriophages combined compared with linezolid in two mouse models (nondiabetic and diabetic) of Staphylococcus aureus foot infection. In both models, a single injection of bacteriophages in the hindpaw showed significant antibacterial efficacy. Linezolid was as effective as bacteriophages in nondiabetic...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceA Prospective Cohort Study of Durations of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia According to Different Phenotypes and a New Concept of Persistent BacteremiaThe purpose of this study was to describe and compare the duration of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) according to methicillin resistance and the primary foci of infection. We also aimed to newly define persistent SAB considering these results. Nonduplicated episodes of SAB in patients aged ≥15 years from 14 hospitals in the Republic of Korea were analyzed...
Experimental TherapeuticsNitroxide Functionalized Antibiotics Are Promising Eradication Agents against Staphylococcus aureus BiofilmsTreatment of biofilm-related Staphylococcus aureus infections represents an important medical challenge worldwide, as biofilms, even those involving drug-susceptible S. aureus strains, are highly refractory to conventional antibiotic therapy. Nitroxides were recently shown to induce the dispersal of...
Mechanisms of Action: Physiological EffectsRexAB Is Essential for the Mutagenic Repair of Staphylococcus aureus DNA Damage Caused by Co-trimoxazoleCo-trimoxazole (SXT) is a combination therapeutic that consists of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim that is increasingly used to treat skin and soft tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, the use of SXT is limited to the treatment of low-burden, superficial...
Mechanisms of ResistanceRoles of Lytic Transglycosylases in Biofilm Formation and β-Lactam Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus aureus is responsible for numerous community outbreaks and is one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial infections with significant morbidity and mortality. While the function of lytic transglycosylases (LTs) in relation to cell division, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance has been determined for several bacteria, their role in...
Mechanisms of ResistanceEvolution of a 72-Kilobase Cointegrant, Conjugative Multiresistance Plasmid in Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from the Early 1990sHorizontal transfer of plasmids encoding antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants has been instrumental in Staphylococcus aureus evolution, including the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA). In the early 1990s, the first CA-MRSA strain isolated in...
Epidemiology and SurveillanceToxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1-Producing Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus of Clonal Complex 5, the New York/Japan Epidemic Clone, Causing a High Early-Mortality Rate in Patients with Bloodstream InfectionsThis study was performed to evaluate the clinical impacts of putative risk factors in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections (BSIs) through a prospective, multicenter, observational study. All 567 patients with S. aureus BSIs that occurred during a 1-year period in six general...
SusceptibilityIn Vitro Activity of Rifampin, Rifabutin, Rifapentine, and Rifaximin against Planktonic and Biofilm States of Staphylococci Isolated from Periprosthetic Joint InfectionThe in vitro activities of rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine, and rifaximin were tested against 200 periprosthetic joint infection (PJI)-associated staphylococci. Seven rifampin-resistant isolates had MICs of ≥4 μg/ml. Three isolates had rifampin MICs of 0.25 to 1 μg/ml and harbored an Asp471Gly RpoB variant, suggesting that the CLSI rifampin-susceptible staphylococcal breakpoint of ≤1 μg/ml may be too high.