tenofovir
PharmacologyPopulation Pharmacokinetics of Tenofovir in Pregnant and Postpartum Women Using Tenofovir Disoproxil FumaratePharmacokinetics of drugs can be affected by physiologic changes during pregnancy. Our aim was to assess the influence of covariates on tenofovir (TFV) pharmacokinetics in pregnant and postpartum women receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).
Antiviral AgentsLow Tenofovir Plasma Exposure in HIV Oral Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Recipients with Gastrointestinal DisordersFour pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users with gastrointestinal disorders (sleeve gastrectomy, terminal ileitis, celiac disease, or chronic diarrhea) and receiving oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) were included. Despite self-reported high adherence, trough plasma tenofovir concentrations (after supervised intake) were significantly lower in these patients than in PrEP recipients without gastrointestinal...
PharmacologyIntracellular Tenofovir and Emtricitabine Concentrations in Younger and Older Women with HIV Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/EmtricitabineThe altered immune states of aging and HIV infection may affect intracellular metabolism of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC); increased cellular senescence decreases FTC-triphosphate (FTCtp) concentrations. The effects of age and inflammation on the ratio of intracellular metabolites (IMs; tenofovir diphosphate [TFVdp] and FTCtp) to their endogenous nucleotides (ENs; dATP and dCTP), a potential treatment...
PharmacologyEffects of Tenofovir on the Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Intravenous Morinidazole in Healthy Chinese SubjectsThe effects of multiple-dose administration of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the pharmacokinetics of morinidazole (MOR) were compared in healthy subjects. MOR exposure was similar, with an area under the curve from 0 h to infinity (AUC0-∞) treatment ratio for MOR+TDF/MOR of 1.01 (90% confidence interval, 0.97 to 1.06). No relevant differences were observed regarding plasma exposure of metabolites. Renal clearances of...
PharmacologyTranslational Approach to Predicting the Efficacy of Maraviroc-Based Regimens as HIV Preexposure ProphylaxisMaraviroc-based regimens have been explored as preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this study, we utilized mucosal tissue drug exposure data, combined with target concentrations generated in vitro, in a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis to predict the effects of drug combinations and adherence on PrEP efficacy. Mucosal tissue concentrations of maraviroc were measured in 24...
PharmacologyTenofovir Plasma Concentration from Preexposure Prophylaxis at the Time of Potential HIV Exposure: a Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation Study Involving Serodiscordant Couples in East AfricaThe Partners Demonstration Project was a prospective, open-label, implementation science-driven study of preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among heterosexual HIV serodiscordant couples in Kenya and Uganda. Adherence data were collected using the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS), and time of sexual activity was collected using the mobile phone short message service (SMS). Two plasma samples were collected at a single study visit....
PharmacologyRace/Ethnicity and Protease Inhibitor Use Influence Plasma Tenofovir Exposure in Adults Living with HIV-1 in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5202AIDS Clinical Trial Group study A5202 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00118898) was a phase 3b, randomized, partially blinded equivalence study of open-label atazanavir/ritonavir or efavirenz, plus either placebo-controlled tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine or abacavir/lamivudine, in treatment-naive adults living with HIV-1, evaluating efficacy, safety, and tolerability. We report an analysis of the contribution of...
PharmacologyTenofovir Exposure during Pregnancy and Postpartum in Women Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B VirusWe assessed tenofovir exposure during pregnancy and postpartum in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected HIV-uninfected women receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Data from 154 women who received TDF within a randomized controlled trial were included.
Antiviral AgentsNo Resistance to Tenofovir Alafenamide Detected through 96 Weeks of Treatment in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B InfectionTenofovir alafenamide (TAF) has shown equivalent efficacy and improved safety profiles for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) compared to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). However, limited data are available for its resistance profiles.