tuberculosis
Experimental TherapeuticsA Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis Shows that Arylacetamide Deacetylase (AADAC) Gene Polymorphism and HIV Infection Affect the Exposure of RifapentineRifapentine is a rifamycin used to treat tuberculosis. As is the case for rifampin, plasma exposures of rifapentine are associated with the treatment response.
Editor's Pick Experimental TherapeuticsEfficacy and Improved Resistance Potential of a Cofactor-Independent InhA Inhibitor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the C3HeB/FeJ Mouse ModelAN12855 is a direct, cofactor-independent inhibitor of InhA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In the C3HeB/FeJ mouse model with caseous necrotic lung lesions, AN12855 proved efficacious with a significantly lower resistance frequency than isoniazid.
SusceptibilityEarly Detection of Emergent Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis by Flow Cytometry-Based Phenotyping and Whole-Genome SequencingA critical gap in tuberculosis (TB) treatment is detection of emergent drug resistance. We hypothesized that advanced phenotyping with whole-genome sequencing (WGS) will detect low-frequency Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance.
PharmacologyEvaluation of Carbapenems for Treatment of Multi- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosisMulti- and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (M/XDR-TB) has become an increasing threat not only in countries where the TB burden is high but also in affluent regions, due to increased international travel and globalization. Carbapenems are earmarked as potentially active drugs for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Clinical TherapeuticsEffect of Rifampin-Isoniazid-Containing Antituberculosis Therapy on Efavirenz Pharmacokinetics in HIV-Infected Children 3 to 14 Years OldWe compared efavirenz pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters in children with tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection on and off first-line antituberculosis therapy to that in HIV-infected children. Children 3 to 14 years old with HIV infection, with and without TB, were treated with standard efavirenz-based antiretroviral therapy without any efavirenz dose adjustments.
Mechanisms of ResistanceEvolution of Rifampin Resistance in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium smegmatis Due to Substandard DrugsPoor-quality medicines undermine the treatment of infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, which require months of treatment with rifampin and other drugs. Rifampin resistance is a critical concern for tuberculosis treatment.
Epidemiology and SurveillancePredicting the Outcomes of New Short-Course Regimens for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Using Intrahost and Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic ModelingShort-course regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) are urgently needed. Limited data suggest that the new drug bedaquiline (BDQ) may have the potential to shorten MDR-TB treatment to less than 6 months when used in conjunction with standard anti-TB drugs.
Clinical TherapeuticsPopulation Pharmacokinetic Model and Limited Sampling Strategies for Personalized Dosing of Levofloxacin in Tuberculosis PatientsLevofloxacin is an antituberculosis drug with substantial interindividual pharmacokinetic variability; therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could therefore be helpful to improve treatment results. TDM would be more feasible with limited sampling strategies (LSSs), a method to estimate the area under the concentration curve for the 24-h dosing interval (AUC0–24) by using a limited number of samples.
Experimental TherapeuticsCharacterizing the Effects of Glutathione as an Immunoadjuvant in the Treatment of TuberculosisMycobacterium tuberculosis is the etiological agent that is responsible for causing tuberculosis (TB), which continues to affect millions of people worldwide, and the rate of resistance of M. tuberculosis to antibiotics is ever increasing. We tested the synergistic effects of N-acetyl...
