urinary tract infection
Experimental TherapeuticsCarbapenem-Containing Combination Antibiotic Therapy against Carbapenem-Resistant Uropathogenic EnterobacteriaceaeThe increasing global prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) combined with the decline in effective therapies is a public health care crisis. After respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections and associated urosepsis are the second most affected by CRE pathogens.
Editor's Pick Challenging Clinical Case in Antimicrobial ResistanceA Dutch Case Report of Successful Treatment of Chronic Relapsing Urinary Tract Infection with Bacteriophages in a Renal Transplant PatientWe report a case of a 58-year-old renal transplant patient who developed a recurrent urinary tract infection with an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae strain in the first month posttransplant. Even though it tested susceptible to carbapenems and despite repeated meropenem treatment, his infection recurred. The infection eventually...
SusceptibilityDerepression of the smvA Efflux System Arises in Clinical Isolates of Proteus mirabilis and Reduces Susceptibility to Chlorhexidine and Other BiocidesProteus mirabilis is a common pathogen of the catheterized urinary tract and often described as intrinsically resistant to the biocide chlorhexidine (CHD). Here, we demonstrate that derepression of the smvA efflux system has occurred in clinical isolates of P. mirabilis and reduces...
PharmacologyIn Vitro Pharmacodynamics of a Novel Ceftibuten-Clavulanate Combination Antibiotic against EnterobacteriaceaeA novel antibiotic combination of the oral cephalosporin ceftibuten (CTB) and the β-lactamase inhibitor clavulanate (CLA) is currently in development for urinary tract infections, including those caused by extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms. This study aimed to identify the pharmacodynamic index and magnitude of this index for CLA, when combined with a fixed CTB exposure (∼59% free time above the CTB-CLA MIC)...
Experimental TherapeuticsEfficacy of Human Exposures of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) against Escherichia coli in a Rat Pyelonephritis ModelGepotidacin is a first-in-class triazaacenaphthylene antibacterial that inhibits bacterial type II topoisomerases and has in vitro activity against a range of bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli. Urinary tract infections often progress to pyelonephritis and are a worldwide problem due to the prevalence of multidrug-resistant...
Mechanisms of Action: Physiological EffectsThe Widely Used Antimicrobial Triclosan Induces High Levels of Antibiotic Tolerance In Vitro and Reduces Antibiotic Efficacy up to 100-Fold In VivoThe antimicrobial triclosan is used in a wide range of consumer products ranging from toothpaste, cleansers, socks, and baby toys. A bacteriostatic inhibitor of fatty acid synthesis, triclosan is extremely stable and accumulates in the environment.
Clinical TherapeuticsPharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Outcomes of Omadacycline in Women with Cystitis: Results from a Phase 1b StudyOmadacycline, an aminomethylcycline antibiotic, is approved as once-daily intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) monotherapy for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections and for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, and it is under development for treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI). This is a phase 1b, randomized, open-label study of omadacycline in women with cystitis (defined as UTI symptoms and a positive urine...
SusceptibilityResults from a Prospective In Vitro Study on the Mecillinam (Amdinocillin) Susceptibility of EnterobacteralesThe activity of mecillinam (amdinocillin) was assessed in Enterobacterales (n = 420) isolated from urine samples between 2016 and 2017. Mecillinam susceptibilities were 97.4% in Escherichia coli isolates (294/302), 89.7% in Klebsiella spp.
- Experimental TherapeuticsIn Vivo Efficacy of Meropenem with a Novel Non-β-Lactam–β-Lactamase Inhibitor, Nacubactam, against Gram-Negative Organisms Exhibiting Various Resistance Mechanisms in a Murine Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Model
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a tremendous burden on the health care system due to the vast number of infections resulting in antibiotic therapy and/or hospitalization. Additionally, these infections are frequently caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, limiting the availability of effective antimicrobials.
- PharmacologyResults of a Multicenter Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Ciprofloxacin in Children with Complicated Urinary Tract Infection
Resistance rates for ciprofloxacin, which is labeled for treating complicated urinary tract infections in children, are rapidly rising. As there is limited knowledge on developmental pharmacology of ciprofloxacin, the primary aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for ciprofloxacin in children treated for complicated urinary tract infections.